“…Special education teachers emphasize an obligation to continuously optimize the developmental process of children who struggle with learning. In contrast, inspired by Fröbel's kindergarten philosophy (Fröbel & Hailmann, 2005), preschool teachers tend to highlight children's self-activity and spontaneous growth (Ministry of Education and Research, 2012;Moyer, 2001). Therefore, special education teachers are sometimes described as assuming an instructional and authoritarian role (Fink, 1972;Goodman & Coles, 1992;Rimm-Kaufman, Voorhees, Snell, & La Paro, 2003), whereas preschool teachers are sometimes viewed as excessively child-oriented, valuing socialization and informal teaching (Alvestad, 2004).…”