The chick embryo yolk sac membrane expresses nutrient transporter and digestive enzyme genes

Yadgary, Liran; Yair, R.; Uni, Zehava

doi:10.3382/ps.2010-01075

Cited by 72 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…After the digestion of the egg white and endogenous yolk proteins, they probably transfer by endocytosis or through the membrane peptide and amino acid transporters into the endodermal cells of the yolk sac as previously suggested in other avian species (Yoshizaki et al 2004;Nakazawa et al 2011;Yadgary et al 2011;Dong et al 2012;Speier et al 2012;Uni et al 2012). Then, they may reach the extraembryonic blood vessels in the mesoderm which deliver them into the developing embryo (Yoshizaki et al 2004;Nakazawa et al 2011;Sheng & Foley 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In chicken, this route was shown to be responsible for the major transfer of yolk into intestine on the day of hatching and several days after (Esteban et al 1991;Noy & Sklan 2001). Many of the membrane transporters that transfer the products of protein hydrolysis into the enterocytes of the intestine are also expressed in the endodermal cells of the yolk sac membrane (Yadgary et al 2011;Dong et al 2012;Speier et al 2012). These findings are not surprising because the origin of the yolk sac membrane is the hindgut of the embryo (Noble & Cocchi 1990), and thus the yolk sac membrane is expected to participate, like the intestine, in transporting nutrients into the developing embryo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protease activity in the egg yolk during the development of Meleagris gallopavo (Galliformes: Phasianidae) embryos

Shbailat

Qanadilo

Alsoubani

2016

Italian Journal of Zoology

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The egg white and egg yolk are the two main sources of nutrients for the developing avian embryo. Egg white ultimately reaches egg yolk before being consumed by the embryo. Previously, in the turkey Meleagris gallopavo, we showed that the major egg white transfer into the yolk through the amnion and intestinal lumen of the embryo started on day 17 and became obvious on day 19. We also suggested that the transferred egg white and endogenous yolk proteins undergo digestion at late developmental stages. However, the protease activity throughout development and the type of activated proteases are completely unexplored in the yolk of turkey eggs. Here, we measured the general proteolytic activity in the egg yolk during different developmental stages using casein as a substrate. Furthermore, we determined the type of activated proteases by employing different types of protease inhibitors. Protease activity in the egg yolk was basal throughout development until day 19 when activity significantly increased, remaining high thereafter. Moreover, acidic aspartic protease(s) were primarily activated in the yolk. Our results suggest that the transferred egg white and endogenous yolk proteins are mostly degraded by the aspartic proteases that become highly activated late in development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protease activity in the egg yolk during the development of Meleagris gallopavo (Galliformes: Phasianidae) embryos

Shbailat

Qanadilo

Alsoubani

2016

Italian Journal of Zoology

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“…These results suggest that lower volumes for solutions containing maltose, sucrose, or fructose should be considered for in ovo injection. liver and yolk sac membrane (Speake et al, 1998;Zhao et al, 2010;Yadgary et al, 2011). Therefore, it is not surprising that any malfunction in yolk utilization may reduce the growth of the embryo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of in ovo injection of carbohydrates on embryonic metabolism, hatchability, and subsequent somatic characteristics of broiler hatchlings

et al. 2011

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The effects of the in ovo injection of different carbohydrate solutions on the internal egg temperature (IT), hatchability, and time of hatch of embryonated Ross × Ross 708 broiler hatching eggs were determined. In addition, the BW, liver weight, yolk sac weight (YSW), and yolk-free BW (YFBW) of the embryos on d 19.5 of incubation and of the chicks on day of hatch were determined. Eggs containing live embryos were injected in the amnion on d 18.5 of incubation using an automated multiple-egg injector. Solution injections delivered 1.2 mL of physiological saline (0.85%) alone or with a supplemental carbohydrate. The following supplemental carbohydrates were separately dissolved in saline at a concentration of 0.3 g/mL: glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose, and dextrin. Temperature transponders were implanted in the air cells of embryonated and nonembryonated eggs after in ovo injection for the detection of IT at 6, 14, and 22 h after injection. The IT of embryonated eggs was significantly greater than that of nonembryonated eggs at all 3 times after the treatment period. Eggs that were injected with saline with or without supplemental carbohydrates experienced a reduction in IT when compared with control eggs whose shells were perforated without solution delivery, and the decrease in IT was associated with a delay in hatch time. Liver weight was negatively related to YSW and positively related to YFBW, and YSW was negatively related to YFBW. Although the saline and carbohydrate solution injections increased chick BW compared with noninjected controls, chick YFBW was decreased in the maltose- and sucrose-injected groups. In conclusion, the injection of 1.2 mL of saline with or without supplemental carbohydrates lowered embryonic metabolism, as reflected by a lower IT and a delay in time of hatch. However, effects of the different carbohydrate solutions on yolk absorption and tissue deposition in yolk-free embryos varied. These results suggest that lower volumes for solutions containing maltose, sucrose, or fructose should be considered for in ovo injection.

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“…Specifically, we have shown that finger-like projections extended from the yolk sac membrane during development which is morphologically very similar to the placental villi found in human and mice. Angiogenesis occurs inside both avian and mammalian protrusions and is involved in nutrient and gas exchange (Yadgary et al, 2011(Yadgary et al, , 2013(Yadgary et al, , 2014. We have demonstrated that the CAM is highly vascular, and their localization underlying the egg shell ensure the gas exchange in avian.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Investigating the effect of excess caffeine exposure on placental angiogenesis using chicken ’functional‘ placental blood vessel network

Lai

Wang

et al. 2015

J of Applied Toxicology

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It is now known that over-consumption of caffeine by pregnant mothers could have detrimental effects on normal fetal development. However, it remains obscure how caffeine's harmful effect impacts directly or indirectly on the developing embryo/fetus through damaging placenta development. In this study, we demonstrated the morphological similarities between the yolk sac and chorioallantoic membranes (CAM) of chick embryos and the villi of the mammalian placenta. Using the chick yolk sac and the CAM as a model, we found that 5-15 µmol per egg of caffeine exposure inhibited angiogenesis. Under the same condition, cell proliferation in extraembryonic mesoderm was reduced while apoptosis was enhanced. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that caffeine treatment down-regulated VEGF, VEGFR2, PIGF, IGF2 and NRP1 expression, but up-regulated Ang1 and Ang2 expression. We performed in situ hybridization to show VE-cadherin expression and as to demonstrate the blood vessels in the CAM and yolk sac membranes. This distribution of the VE-cadherin(+) blood vessels was determined to be reduced after caffeine treatment. Furthermore, MDA activity was induced after caffeine exposure, but GSH-PX activity was inhibited after caffeine exposure; SOD activity was unchanged as compared with the control. In summary, our results suggest that caffeine exposure could negatively impact on angiogenesis in the chick yolk sac and CAM by targeting angiogenesis-related genes. Some of these genes are also involved in regulating excess ROS generation. The results implied that the negative impact of caffeine on fetal development was partly attributed to impaired placental angiogenesis.

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The chick embryo yolk sac membrane expresses nutrient transporter and digestive enzyme genes

Cited by 72 publications

References 43 publications

Protease activity in the egg yolk during the development of Meleagris gallopavo (Galliformes: Phasianidae) embryos

Protease activity in the egg yolk during the development of Meleagris gallopavo (Galliformes: Phasianidae) embryos

Effects of in ovo injection of carbohydrates on embryonic metabolism, hatchability, and subsequent somatic characteristics of broiler hatchlings

Investigating the effect of excess caffeine exposure on placental angiogenesis using chicken ’functional‘ placental blood vessel network

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