The Chemokine Networks in Sponges: Potential Roles in Morphogenesis, Immunity and Stem Cell Formation

Müller, Werner; Wiens, Matthias; Müller, Isabel M.; Schröder, Heinz C.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-18670-7_5

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…It is evident that the skeleton of Poriferans is dynamic, and consists of a complex composition of molecules which regulate cellular behaviour and phenotype 28, 32, 33. In support of this, the osteogenic potential of the cell-sponge construct was reinforced by gene expression of osteoblast markers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

In vitro Evaluation of Natural Marine Sponge Collagen as a Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering

Lin¹,

Solomon²,

Zhang³

et al. 2011

Int. J. Biol. Sci.

109

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The selection of a suitable scaffold matrix is critical for cell-based bone tissue engineering. This study aimed to identify and characterize natural marine sponges as potential bioscaffolds for osteogenesis. Callyspongiidae marine sponge samples were collected from the Fremantle coast of Western Australia. The sponge structure was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Hematoxylin and eosin. Mouse primary osteoblasts were seeded onto the sponge scaffold and immunostained with F-actin to assess cell attachment and aggregation. Alkaline phosphatase expression, von Kossa staining and real-time PCR were performed to examine the osteogenic potential of sponge samples. SEM revealed that the sponge skeleton possessed a collagenous fibrous network consisting of interconnecting channels and a porous structure that support cellular adhesion, aggregation and growth. The average pore size of the sponge skeleton was measured 100 to 300 μm in diameter. F-actin staining demonstrated that osteoblasts were able to anchor onto the surface of collagen fibres. Alkaline phosphatase expression, a marker of early osteoblast differentiation, was evident at 7 days although expression decreased steadily with long term culture. Using von Kossa staining, mineralisation nodules were evident after 21 days. Gene expression of osteoblast markers, osteocalcin and osteopontin, was also observed at 7, 14 and 21 days of culture. Together, these results suggest that the natural marine sponge is promising as a new scaffold for use in bone tissue engineering.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

In vitro Evaluation of Natural Marine Sponge Collagen as a Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering

Lin¹,

Solomon²,

Zhang³

et al. 2011

Int. J. Biol. Sci.

109

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“…As foreign organisms, on the one hand, the bacteria need to find a means to protect themselves from the host chemical defense or predation and, on the other hand, the host needs to sense the population of bacteria to discriminate between the pathogenic and the non-pathogenic ones and to regulate the density of resident bacteria. Both organisms are able to express molecules to communicate between themselves such as quorum-sensing molecules for the bacteria [11] and hormone-like factors for sponges [27]. Some of these molecules may be able to act as cross-kingdom dialog factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular Effects of Bacterial N-3-Oxo-Dodecanoyl-L-Homoserine Lactone on the Sponge Suberites domuncula (Olivi, 1792): Insights into an Intimate Inter-Kingdom Dialogue

et al. 2014

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Sponges and bacteria have lived together in complex consortia for 700 million years. As filter feeders, sponges prey on bacteria. Nevertheless, some bacteria are associated with sponges in symbiotic relationships. To enable this association, sponges and bacteria are likely to have developed molecular communication systems. These may include molecules such as N-acyl-L-homoserine lactones, produced by Gram-negative bacteria also within sponges. In this study, we examined the role of N-3-oxododecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C12-HSL) on the expression of immune and apoptotic genes of the host sponge Suberites domuncula. This molecule seemed to inhibit the sponge innate immune system through a decrease of the expression of genes coding for proteins sensing the bacterial membrane: a Toll-Like Receptor and a Toll-like Receptor Associated Factor 6 and for an anti-bacterial perforin-like molecule. The expression of the pro-apoptotic caspase-like 3/7 gene decreased as well, whereas the level of mRNA of anti-apoptotic genes Bcl-2 Homolog Proteins did not change. Then, we demonstrated the differential expression of proteins in presence of this 3-oxo-C12-HSL using 3D sponge cell cultures. Proteins involved in the first steps of the endocytosis process were highlighted using the 2D electrophoresis protein separation and the MALDI-TOF/TOF protein characterization: α and β subunits of the lysosomal ATPase, a cognin, cofilins-related proteins and cytoskeleton proteins actin, α tubulin and α actinin. The genetic expression of some of these proteins was subsequently followed. We propose that the 3-oxo-C12-HSL may participate in the tolerance of the sponge apoptotic and immune systems towards the presence of bacteria. Besides, the sponge may sense the 3-oxo-C12-HSL as a molecular evidence of the bacterial presence and/or density in order to regulate the populations of symbiotic bacteria in the sponge. This study is the first report of a bacterial secreted molecule acting on sponge cells and regulating the symbiotic relationship.

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“…However, compelling morphological evidence for the origin of gametes from fully differentiated somatic cells, such as choanocytes, argues against a clear separation of the germinal and somatic cell lineages . Gene expression studies, using the sponge in vitro cell system, the primmorphs, allowed a closer insight into the differentiation pathways of the omni/pluripotent archaeocytes in sponges (Müller et al, 2003a and2003b). It could be established that specific genes are upregulated if archaeocytes are triggered to a differentiation process by specific signals, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All cells are associated with each other by a highly complex cell-cell adhesion system (see : Müller, 1982;Müller et al, 1988;Blumbach et al, 1998;Schütze et al, 2001) and in some sponge species they are additionally connected by cell junctions (see : Simpson, 1984;Adell et al, 2004). To date only cytological markers have allowed a description of the differentiation pathways of sponge cells (Boury-Esnault and Rützler, 1997); molecular markers are only available for the sclerocytes (= skeletal cells) (Müller et al, 2003a and2003b;Müller et al, 2004). Conse-´´ A C D B quently, it remains uncertain which cell type(s) is the totipotent one from which the other differentiated cells derive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular markers for germ cell differentiation in the demosponge Suberites domuncula

Perović-Ottstadt

Ćetković

Gamulin³

et al. 2004

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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Sponges (phylum Porifera) are simple metazoans for which no molecular information on gametogenesis and larval development is available. To support the current study, it was confirmed by histology that oocytes and larvae were produced by the demosponge Suberites domuncula. Three genes/expressed products from S. domuncula whose expression correlated with sexual reproduction were identified and characterized (they are used here as marker genes): i) a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) with sequence similarity in the tyrosine kinase domain to fibroblast growth factor receptors; ii) the sex-determining protein FEM1 and iii) the sperm associated antigen (SAA) of triploblasts. Antibodies against the extracellular domain of the RTK specifically stained oocytes and larvae in S. domuncula tissue sections. Induction of these three genes was successful at elevated temperature, a factor which also promotes natural gametogenesis. In situ hybridization analyses revealed that FEM1 and SAA were expressed in those areas in which gametogenesis begins. Our results indicate that genes which play a role in sex determination may be present in Porifera.

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The Chemokine Networks in Sponges: Potential Roles in Morphogenesis, Immunity and Stem Cell Formation

Cited by 23 publications

References 112 publications

In vitro Evaluation of Natural Marine Sponge Collagen as a Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering

In vitro Evaluation of Natural Marine Sponge Collagen as a Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering

Cellular Effects of Bacterial N-3-Oxo-Dodecanoyl-L-Homoserine Lactone on the Sponge Suberites domuncula (Olivi, 1792): Insights into an Intimate Inter-Kingdom Dialogue

Molecular markers for germ cell differentiation in the demosponge Suberites domuncula

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