2009
DOI: 10.1593/neo.09988
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The Chemokine CCL2 Increases Prostate Tumor Growth and Bone Metastasis through Macrophage and Osteoclast Recruitment

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Cited by 192 publications
(178 citation statements)
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“…An increase in IL-17 expression triggers the release of IL-6 inflammatory cytokines and consequently the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and necrosis factor kappa β, which are associated with the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The tumor cells are capable of perpetuating the local inflammatory response via the expression of CCL2, which stimulates the monocyte secretory IL-17 input, contributing to inflammation and tumor growth (31,32). Additionally, STAT3 is regulated by IL-23, which promotes a protumor activity cascade and the presence of IL-23 stabilizes Th17 cells (33).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…An increase in IL-17 expression triggers the release of IL-6 inflammatory cytokines and consequently the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and necrosis factor kappa β, which are associated with the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The tumor cells are capable of perpetuating the local inflammatory response via the expression of CCL2, which stimulates the monocyte secretory IL-17 input, contributing to inflammation and tumor growth (31,32). Additionally, STAT3 is regulated by IL-23, which promotes a protumor activity cascade and the presence of IL-23 stabilizes Th17 cells (33).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[42,43] Experimental studies have revealed the CCL2-dependent infiltration of macrophages into tumors. [44] For example, systemic administration of CCL2-neutralizing antibodies in tumor-bearing mice or the short-hairpin RNA knockdown of CCR2 in the cancer cell lines significantly reduced tumor growth along with reduced TAM recruitment [45] .…”
Section: Soluble Factors Mediating Macrophage Mobilization Into Tumorsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The intracardiac injection was carried out according to previously published methods [36]. Briefly, six-week-old NOD/ SCID mice were anesthetized with isoflurane gas (a 2% isofluorane/air mixture) and injected in the left ventricle of the heart with 100,000 cells in 100 ml of sterile Dulbecco's PBS lacking Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ .…”
Section: Intra-cardiac Injectionmentioning
confidence: 99%