The chemistry of several novel bioconversion lignins

Glasser, Wolfgang G.; Barnett, Charlotte A.; Müller, Peter C.; Sarkanen, K. V.

doi:10.1021/jf00119a001

Cited by 98 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…Differential thermogravimetry (DTG) curves of lignin in air and nitrogen are almost similar at temperatures up to approximately 300°C, showing that lignin heated up to these temperatures does not undergo significant oxidation, but shows reactions typical of pyrolysis, leading to the release of volatiles (Ó rfão et al 1999). Good reviews related to a diversity of uses of lignin and lignin catalytic valorization can be found elsewhere (Glasser et al 1983;Suhas and Ribeiro 2007;Brebu and Vasile 2010;Zakzeski et al 2010;Doherty et al 2011).…”

Section: Wood Composition and Its Effect On Wood-water Affinitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of wood thermal pretreatments to improve wood composite properties

et al. 2013

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The objective of this paper is to review the published literature on improving properties of wood composites through thermal pretreatment of wood. Thermal pretreatment has been conducted in moist environments using hot water or steam at temperatures up to 180 and 230°C, respectively, or in dry environments using inert gases at temperatures up to 240°C. In these conditions, hemicelluloses are removed, crystallinity index of cellulose is increased, and cellulose degree of polymerization is reduced, while lignin is not considerably affected. Thermally modified wood has been used to manufacture wood-plastic composites, particleboard, oriented strand board, binderless panels, fiberboard, waferboard, and flakeboard. Thermal pretreatment considerably reduced water absorption and thickness swelling of wood composites, which has been attributed mainly to the removal of M. R. Pelaez-Samaniego

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Section: Wood Composition and Its Effect On Wood-water Affinitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of wood thermal pretreatments to improve wood composite properties

et al. 2013

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“…2 Lignin is the second most naturally abundant biopolymer substance in plant cell walls, exceeded only by cellulose. It is an amorphous, highly branched polyphenolic macromolecule with a complex structure and high molecular weight.…”

Section: ' Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Lignopolyols from Wheat Straw Soda Lignin

Ahvazi

Wojciechowicz

Ton-That

et al. 2011

J. Agric. Food Chem.

111

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Wheat straw soda lignin was modified and characterized by several qualitative and quantitative methods such as 31 P NMR spectroscopy to evaluate its potential as a substitute for polyols in view of polyurethane applications. Chemical modification of the lignin was achieved with propylene oxide to form lignopolyol derivatives. This was performed by a two-step reaction of lignin with maleic anhydride followed by propylene oxide and by direct oxyalkylation under acidic and alkaline conditions. The physical and chemical properties of lignopolyols from each method and the subsequent chain-extended hydroxyl groups were evaluated. Direct oxyalkylation of lignin under alkaline conditions was found to be more efficient than acidic conditions and more effective than the two-step process for preparing lignopolyol with higher aliphatic hydroxyl contents.

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“…Other numerous lignin products and derivatives that originated from unusual plant sources or experimental pulping processes have been described [2]. In future, more lignin-enriched residues could be obtained from biomass hydrolysis and fermentation processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%