The Chemistry of Saline Waters

Krieger, Robert A.

doi:10.1111/j.1745-6584.1964.tb01774.x

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Saline seeps also permeate bottom muds of the river, and ingress into nearby fenlands or remain in shallow Devonian aquifers. Saline groundwater is defined as having TDS of 10,000-100,000 mg/L, in contrast to brackish (1000-10,000 mg/L), fresh (<1000 mg/L) or brine (>100,000 mg/L) (Davis 1964).…”

Section: Study Area and Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Alignment of saline springs with evaporite karst structures in northeast Alberta, western Canada: analogue for cretaceous hypogene brine seeps to the surface

Broughton¹

2021

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Meteoric and glacial meltwater charged groundwater, mixed with dissolved salts from Devonian sources at depth, discharged as saline springs along topographic lows of the Athabasca River Valley, which downcuts into the Cretaceous Athabasca oil sands deposit in northeast Alberta, western Canada. These Quaternary saline seeps have TDS measurements, isotope signatures and other chemical characteristics indicative of the groundwater flows coming in contact with Prairie Evaporite (M. Devonian) salt beds, 200 m below the surface. Migrations up-section of groundwater with dissolved chloride and sulphate salts occurred along salt dissolution collapse breccia zones that cross-cut Upper Devonian limestone strata. Seeps discharged along the karstic Devonian limestone paleotopography, the unconformity surface flooring the Lower Cretaceous McMurray Formation. Saline to brine springs along the Athabasca River Valley have TDS measurements that can exceed 100,000 mg/L. Quaternary salt removal was insignificant compared to the voluminous removal of the 80-130 m thick salt section for 1000s km2 during the Early Cretaceous configuration of the Devonian paleotopography, which partially controlled depositional patterns of the overlying McMurray Formation, principal host rock of the Athabasca oil sands. Little is known of the storage or disposition of voluminous brines that would have resulted from this regional-scale removal of the salt beds below the Athabasca deposit during the Cordilleran configuration of the foreland Alberta Basin. Holocene dissolution trends and discharges at the surface as saline springs are proposed as a modern analogue for voluminous Early Cretaceous brine seeps to the surface along salt dissolution collapse breccia zones, concurrent with deposition of the McMurray Formation. This model links several characteristics of the McMurray Formation as responses to Aptian brine seeps to the surface. These include: (1) the emplacement of a drainage-line silcrete along the margins of the Assiniboia PaleoValley, now partially exhumed by the Athabasca River Valley, (2) distribution of brackish-water burrowing organisms, and (3) diagenesis of calcite-cemented sand intervals.

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Section: Study Area and Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Alignment of saline springs with evaporite karst structures in northeast Alberta, western Canada: analogue for cretaceous hypogene brine seeps to the surface

Broughton¹

2021

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“…A direct method of characterizing the salinized areas is to investigate the TDS concentrations on‐site by measuring the electrical conductivity of groundwater. We may preliminarily classify the salinization degree in‐situ by freshwater (TDS < 1 g/L), brackish water (1 g/L < TDS <= 10 g/L), saline water (10 g/L < TDS <= 36 g/L), hyper‐saline (36 g/L < TDS <= 100 g/L) and brine (TDS > 100 g/L) (Jiao & Post, 2019; Krieger, 1964; Setiawan et al., 2022). Freshwater and seawater possess different ion compositions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hydrochemical Study of Groundwater Salinization in Qinzhou Bay, Guangxi, Southern China

Huang

Han

et al. 2023

Earth and Space Science

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The salinity of groundwater in Qinzhou Bay has been increasing since 2013. This phenomenon affects livelihoods and the local agricultural economy, specifically in the Longmengang area. In this work, we investigate the causes of water salinization to provide evidence for effectively managing the local water resources and improving water quality. We collected 110 samples of water from spatially distributed local wells, rivers, reservoirs, and the sea, and conducted a hydrochemical study complemented by numerical modeling. We found that water pumping and mariculture practices are the principal contributors to seawater intrusion into the groundwater table, which leads to increased water salinization.

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Selected references on saline ground-water resources of the United States

Feth¹

1965

Circular

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The Chemistry of Saline Waters

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Alignment of saline springs with evaporite karst structures in northeast Alberta, western Canada: analogue for cretaceous hypogene brine seeps to the surface

Alignment of saline springs with evaporite karst structures in northeast Alberta, western Canada: analogue for cretaceous hypogene brine seeps to the surface

A Hydrochemical Study of Groundwater Salinization in Qinzhou Bay, Guangxi, Southern China

Selected references on saline ground-water resources of the United States

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