THE CHEMISTRY OF JAFFE'S REACTION FOR CREATININE II. THE EFFECT OF SUBSTITUTION IN THE CREATININE MOLECULE AND A POSSIBLE FORMULA FOR THE RED TAUTOMER<sup>1</sup>

Greenwald, Isidor

doi:10.1021/ja01682a033

Cited by 30 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Spectrophotometric determination of creatinine was performed on a Beckman Coulter AU 480 (Nyon, Switzerland). The colourimetric method is based on a kinetic test (Jaffe‐reaction), whereby creatinine forms a complex with picric acid, as the deviation in absorption at 520/800 nm is proportional to the creatinine concentration within the sample . The determination is based on a one‐point calibration at 153 mg/dL, which is forced through zero.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The colourimetric method is based on a kinetic test (Jaffe-reaction), whereby creatinine forms a complex with picric acid, as the deviation in absorption at 520/800 nm is proportional to the creatinine concentration within the sample. [9,10] The determination is based on a one-point calibration at 153 mg/dL, which is forced through zero. Commercially available quality control urine with a creatinine concentration of 57 mg/dL (acceptable deviation <20%) was included.…”

Section: Determination Of Creatinine By Spectrophotometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Creatinine in urine – a method comparison

Luginbühl

Weinmann

2017

Drug Testing and Analysis

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Drug screening in urine is widely applied in forensic toxicology. Contrary to blood analysis, excessive or reduced fluid intake can substantially alter the concentration of substances in urine. As a standard to detect urinary dilution, creatinine concentrations are analyzed. A sample with a concentration below 20 mg/dL is generally defined as too diluted to provide a valid result in abstinence control samples. This work investigates the potential of three different methods for the determination of creatinine concentrations in urine samples: A ZIC®-HILIC-based liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method, a spectrophotometric method on an AU 480 chemistry system, and a portable, chemical-reaction-based, point-of-care testing device were compared by measuring 200 urine samples. When comparing the two laboratory methods, LC-MS/MS and spectrophotometry, a mean difference of 3.7 ± 14 mg/dL was found, indicating that the spectrophotometric method slightly overestimates the creatinine concentration. When comparing the LC-MS/MS method with the point-of-care testing device, a mean concentration difference within the calibration range for POCT (>20 mg/dL (excluding 16 samples) and <500 mg/dL (excluding 4 samples)) of 21 ± 37 mg/dL was found, indicating that the point-of-care testing device overestimates the measured creatinine concentration. A point-of-care testing device as used during this study can provide valuable information for on-site analysis. However, reported concentrations above 500 mg/dL should be further evaluated, for example by dilution of the sample. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Determination Of Creatinine By Spectrophotometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Creatinine in urine – a method comparison

Luginbühl

Weinmann

2017

Drug Testing and Analysis

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“…For serum creatinine, the Jaffe kinetic method was used [13] while urea was analysed using the kinetic method [14]. The colorimetric method was used for the quantitative determination of serum albumin [15] and serum total protein [16].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HAART, DOTS and renal disease of patients co-infected with HIV/AIDS and TB in the South West Region of Cameroon

et al. 2015

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BackgroundTuberculosis is the commonest infection among HIV/AIDS patients. This co-infection constitutes a major death threat in the world. There is paucity of data about renal disease amongst patients on HAART and DOTS therapy in Cameroon.MethodsThis was a hospital-based cross-sectional study in the Buea, Limbe and Kumba government Hospitals. Spectrophotometric method was used for the quantitative determination of serum creatinine, urea, albumin and total protein levels. Glomerular filtration rate was estimated using the MDRD method. The student’s t test, ANOVA and logistic regression were used to analyse the data.ResultsOut of 200 participants, 101 (50.5 %) were males. The ages ranged from 21 to 65 years with a mean age of 38.04 ± 10.52 years. Compared to adults on DOTS alone, adults on HAART alone had a significantly higher prevalence of eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (10/70 (14.3 %) vs. 1/70 (1.4 %), OR = 11.5 [1.4–92.5], p = 0.02) while more participants on HAART/DOTS had significantly higher serum creatinine (18/60 (30 %) vs 10/70 (14.3) OR = 2.57 [1.08–6.12], p = 0.033). Though participants on HAART/DOTS combined therapy had low eGFR, the association was not statistically significant (OR = 6.27, 95 % CI;0.71–55.27, p = 0.098). Participants on the Zidovudine, Lamivudine, Nevirapine regimen showed a statistically significant difference in the mean serum creatinine and albumin levels between the HAART/DOTS combined therapy and HAART group (p = 0.0219 and 0.0001 respectively).ConclusionCompared to adults on DOTS, adults on HAART were more likely to have renal dysfunction (eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2). Adult on a combination of HAART and DOTS had a similar prevalence of renal dysfunction as those on HAART alone. This study showed that the use of the HAART regimen (Tenofovir, Lamivudine and Efavirenz combination) among the HAART treated adults was nephrotoxic. However, other combined HAART and DOTS regimens had no nephrotoxic effect. Abnormal kidney function can be associated with HAART use.

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“…Isidor Greenwald (1888–1976, Harriman Research Laboratory, Roosevelt Hospital, New York) was the first to make a systematic study of the chemistry of the Jaffe reaction [ 13 ]. He ascribed the red colour to a salt of creatinine, picric acid and sodium hydroxide and noted that there were at least two places in the creatinine molecule where a shift in a hydrogen atom could produce a tautomer: a lactam–lactim rearrangement between positions 3 and 4 or a keto–enol change between positions 4 and 5 [ 14 ].…”

Section: Folin and The Jaffe Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creatinine determination according to Jaffe--what does it stand for?

Delanghe

Speeckaert

2011

Clinical Kidney Journal

157

103

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In 1886, Max Jaffe discovered a reaction of creatinine with picric acid in an alkaline environment. Although the manuscript describes the nature of a precipitate and does not deal with an analytical assay, Jaffe's landmark paper elucidated the basic principles of the creatinine determination method (originally developed by Otto Folin), which became immensely popular and has easily withstood the test of time. Despite the advent of the enzymatic creatinine analysis, the analytical method is still popular due to its simplicity and low cost. As there is no standard recipe for the ‘Jaffe’ method, much methodological variation has occurred over time. This lack of methodological standardization implies that even in the 21st century, improving the interchangeability of Jaffe results is still an issue.

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THE CHEMISTRY OF JAFFE'S REACTION FOR CREATININE II. THE EFFECT OF SUBSTITUTION IN THE CREATININE MOLECULE AND A POSSIBLE FORMULA FOR THE RED TAUTOMER¹

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

Creatinine in urine – a method comparison

Creatinine in urine – a method comparison

HAART, DOTS and renal disease of patients co-infected with HIV/AIDS and TB in the South West Region of Cameroon

Creatinine determination according to Jaffe--what does it stand for?

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THE CHEMISTRY OF JAFFE'S REACTION FOR CREATININE II. THE EFFECT OF SUBSTITUTION IN THE CREATININE MOLECULE AND A POSSIBLE FORMULA FOR THE RED TAUTOMER1

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

Creatinine in urine – a method comparison

Creatinine in urine – a method comparison

HAART, DOTS and renal disease of patients co-infected with HIV/AIDS and TB in the South West Region of Cameroon

Creatinine determination according to Jaffe--what does it stand for?

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THE CHEMISTRY OF JAFFE'S REACTION FOR CREATININE II. THE EFFECT OF SUBSTITUTION IN THE CREATININE MOLECULE AND A POSSIBLE FORMULA FOR THE RED TAUTOMER¹