The Chemistry of Biologically Active Constituents Secreted and Stored in Plant Glandular Trichomes

Kelsey, Rick G.; Reynolds, Gary W.; Rodrı́guez, Eloy

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-5355-1_8

Cited by 82 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…Coffee varieties susceptible to the fungal pathogen Hemileia vastatrix contain lower levels of proanthocyanidins, and the proanthocyanidin fraction from pulp or leaves inhibits fungal uredospore germination in vitro (Gonzalez de Colmenares et al ., 1998). Consistent with a role of proanthocyanidins as a first line of defense against insect predation, several reports have documented the presence of proanthocyanidins in glandular trichomes (Kelsey et al ., 1984;Li et al ., 1996;Aziz et al ., 2004). Esterified flavan-3-ols such as (-)-epigallocatechin gallate accumulate to very high levels in the leaves of the tea plant, along with oligomeric proanthocyanidins.…”

Section: Functions Of Proanthocyanidins In the Plantmentioning

confidence: 76%

Proanthocyanidins – a final frontier in flavonoid research?

2004

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Summary Proanthocyanidins are oligomeric and polymeric end products of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. They are present in the fruits, bark, leaves and seeds of many plants, where they provide protection against predation. At the same time they give flavor and astringency to beverages such as wine, fruit juices and teas, and are increasingly recognized as having beneficial effects on human health. The presence of proanthocyanidins is also a major quality factor for forage crops. The past 2 years have seen important breakthroughs in our understanding of the biosynthesis of the building blocks of proanthocyanidins, the flavan‐3‐ols (+)‐catechin and (–)‐epicatechin. However, virtually nothing is known about the ways in which these units are assembled into the corresponding oligomers in vivo. Molecular genetic approaches are leading to an understanding of the regulatory genes that control proanthocyanidin biosynthesis, and this information, together with increased knowledge of the enzymes specific for the pathway, will facilitate the genetic engineering of plants for introduction of value‐added nutraceutical and forage quality traits. Contents Summary9I.9II.10III.12IV.13V.14VI.16VII.23VIII.242525

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Section: Functions Of Proanthocyanidins In the Plantmentioning

confidence: 76%

Proanthocyanidins – a final frontier in flavonoid research?

2004

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“…However, characterization of trichome exudates obtained by microsampling has shown that many surface-accumulated secondary products are glandular trichome derived. The chemical nature and insect/microbe interactive properties of surface-secreted secondary metabolites have been extensively studied in a number of systems including tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), mint (Mentha piperita), and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum; Kelsey et al, 1984;Bennett and Wallsgrove, 1994;Jackson and Danehower, 1996;Phillips and Croteau, 1999;Kessler and Baldwin, 2002). In contrast, the occurrence and roles of surfacesecreted proteins in plants are less recognized and studied, despite the fact that antimicrobial surface proteins of animals are well characterized (Zasloff, 1987;Shepherd and Wagner, 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of T-Phylloplanin Gene Knockdown and of Helianthus and Datura Phylloplanins on Peronospora tabacina Spore Germination and Disease Potential

2007

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T-phylloplanin proteins secreted to aerial surfaces of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) by short procumbent trichomes inhibit spore germination and blue mold disease caused by the oomycete pathogen Peronospora tabacina. Many other plants were found to contain water-washed leaf surface proteins (phylloplanins), but the functions and properties of these are not known. Here we extend earlier evidence for the antifungal activity of T-phylloplanins using a reverse genetics approach. RNA interference of the T-phylloplanin gene in tobacco 'T.I. 1068' resulted in loss of T-phylloplanin mRNA and protein, loss of in vitro spore germination inhibition activity, and leaf infection inhibition activity of leaf water washes from RNA interference plants, and young knockdown plants were susceptible to disease. The glycoprotein character, adaxial-leaf-surface enrichment of, and renewability of T-phylloplanins are also described. We also report that leaf water washes of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and jimson weed (Datura metel), but not soybean (Glycine max), like that of tobacco, possess ProteinaseK-and boiling-sensitive P. tabacina spore germination and tobacco leaf infection inhibition activities. Results establish that T-phylloplaninins of tobacco are active in P. tabacina inhibition, and indicate that leaf surface proteins of certain non-Nicotiana species that are not susceptible to P. tabacina disease can inhibit germination of spores of this oomycete pathogen and inhibit tobacco leaf infection by this pathogen.

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“…Esau (1965) and Fahn (1990) noted that suberin may occur in the cell wall matrix, and Metcalfe (1960) described suberin deposits in cell walls of leaves in Gramineae. Exudate produced by the glandular hairs in section Aporum could be an adaptation to a xeric habitat, as hypothesized by Ehleringer (1984), but it also might serve as a deterrent to herbivory, as pointed out by Kelsey et al (1984). Exudations may be composed of "oils" (Solereder and Meyer 1930) or substances that might prevent herbivory, such as terpenes and phenolics (Kelsey et al 1984).…”

Section: Comparative Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Leaf Anatomy and Systematics in Dendrobium, Sections Aporum and Rhizobium (Orchidaceae)

Carlsward¹,

Stern²,

Judd³

et al. 1997

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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The specialized leaf anatomy for species of Dendrobium within section Aporum is similar to that of species in section Rhizobium. In both sections leaves are characterized by a unifacial or nearly unifacial surface where the exposed surface is abaxial. However, leaves in section Rhizobium also feature a lacuna submerged in the mesophyll and surrounded by an adaxial epidermis. In contrast, leaves in section Aporum merely present an internal suture that divides the leaf into bilateral halves. These two sections of Dendrobium are hypothesized to be sister taxa because of synapomorphies in their foliar anatomy. A cladistic analysis performed with various anatomical characters of the leaf demonstrates that both groups are monophyletic. Little resolution was found within the anatomically and morphologically distinctive Aporum clade.

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The Chemistry of Biologically Active Constituents Secreted and Stored in Plant Glandular Trichomes

Cited by 82 publications

References 131 publications

Proanthocyanidins – a final frontier in flavonoid research?

Proanthocyanidins – a final frontier in flavonoid research?

Impacts of T-Phylloplanin Gene Knockdown and of Helianthus and Datura Phylloplanins on Peronospora tabacina Spore Germination and Disease Potential

Comparative Leaf Anatomy and Systematics in Dendrobium, Sections Aporum and Rhizobium (Orchidaceae)

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