The Chemical Route to a Carbon Dioxide Neutral World

Abstract

Excessive CO emissions in the atmosphere from anthropogenic activity can be divided into point sources and diffuse sources. The capture of CO from flue gases of large industrial installations and its conversion into fuels and chemicals with fast catalytic processes seems technically possible. Some emerging technologies are already being demonstrated on an industrial scale. Others are still being tested on a laboratory or pilot scale. These emerging chemical technologies can be implemented in a time window ranging from 5 to 20 years. The massive amounts of energy needed for capturing processes and the conversion of CO should come from low-carbon energy sources, such as tidal, geothermal, and nuclear energy, but also, mainly, from the sun. Synthetic methane gas that can be formed from CO and hydrogen gas is an attractive renewable energy carrier with an existing distribution system. Methanol offers advantages as a liquid fuel and is also a building block for the chemical industry. CO emissions from diffuse sources is a difficult problem to solve, particularly for CO emissions from road, water, and air transport, but steady progress in the development of technology for capturing CO from air is being made. It is impossible to ban carbon from the entire energy supply of mankind with the current technological knowledge, but a transition to a mixed carbon-hydrogen economy can reduce net CO emissions and ultimately lead to a CO -neutral world.

An Efficient and Versatile Lanthanum Heteroscorpionate Catalyst for Carbon Dioxide Fixation into Cyclic Carbonates

“…[1] This approachi so fg reat interest not only because carbon dioxide is ac heap,a bundant, nontoxic,a nd versatile C 1 building block but also because it is one of the most significant greenhouse gases. [2] The main challenge involves overcoming the thermodynamic stability of CO 2 . [2] The main challenge involves overcoming the thermodynamic stability of CO 2 .…”

Hybrid Metalloporphyrin Magnetic Nanoparticles as Catalysts for Sequential Transformation of Alkenes and CO2 into Cyclic Carbonates

“…The reaction was conducted at 60 8Cf or 24 h. Then, the solution was concentrated under vacuum and washed with asaturated solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (2 ), water (2 ), and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The reaction was conducted at 60 8Cf or 24 h. Then, the solution was concentrated under vacuum and washed with asaturated solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (2 ), water (2 ), and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate.…”

“…[1,2] In this context, conversion of carbon dioxide into valuableo rganic chemicals [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] has become at opicw ith increasing awareness,w ith remarkable economic and environmental impacts. [1,2] In this context, conversion of carbon dioxide into valuableo rganic chemicals [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] has become at opicw ith increasing awareness,w ith remarkable economic and environmental impacts.…”

The Beneficial Sinergy of MW Irradiation and Ionic Liquids in Catalysis of Organic Reactions

“…The environmental impact of carbon dioxide excessive emission is well known and worldwide research is currently aimed at addressing and possibly solving the problem [164]. Although catalytic technologies were developed by chemical industry to transform carbon dioxide into valuable building blocks, not to speak of polycarbonates or polycarbamates, much more should be done and achieved by targeted research.…”