The chemical composition of subducting sediment and its consequences for the crust and mantle

Plank, Terry; Langmuir, C. H.

doi:10.1016/s0009-2541(97)00150-2

Cited by 3,044 publications

(2,207 citation statements)

References 158 publications

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“…We stress, however, that the latter estimate is based upon compositions of sediments and altered ocean crust for Pacific arc segments other than Kamchatka (for which such data, unfortunately, are unavailable): this may explain, at least partly, the mismatch between SC and IF found here. In particular, the carbon-poorer signature of our SC relative to Taran's [2009] IF, in accord with the low CO 2 /SO 2 signature of the KK gases, could be explained by the relative absence of subducted carbonate sediments in the NW Pacific, in comparison to other arc segments [Plank and Langmuir, 1998]. Alternatively, less effective carbon extraction from subducted materials (with respect to the more easily released Cl), and/or carbon-rich sediment accretion/off-scraping [Hilton et al, 2002] might contribute to this discrepancy.…”

Section: Concluding Remarks: Insights Into Volatile Contents and Origsupporting

confidence: 55%

First volatile inventory for Gorely volcano, Kamchatka

Aiuppa

Giudice

Liuzzo

et al. 2012

Geophysical Research Letters

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We report here the very first assessment of volatile flux emissions from Gorely, an actively degassing volcano in Kamchatka. Using a variety of in situ and remote sensing techniques, we determined the bulk plume concentrations of major volatiles (H2O 93.5%, CO2, 2.6%, SO2 2.2%, HCl 1.1%, HF 0.3%, H2 0.2%) and trace-halogens (Br, I), therefore estimating a total gas release of 11,000 tons·day−1 during September 2011, at which time the target was non-eruptively degassing at 900°C. Gorely is a typical arc emitter, contributing 0.3% and 1.6% of the total global fluxes from arc volcanism for CO2 and HCl, respectively. We show that Gorely's volcanic gas (H2O/SO2 43, CO2/SO2 1.2, HCl/SO2 0.5) is a representative mean end-member for arc magmatism in the north-west Pacific region. On this basis we derive new constraints for the abundances and origins of volatiles in the subduction-modified mantle source which feeds magmatism in Kamchatka

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Section: Concluding Remarks: Insights Into Volatile Contents and Origsupporting

confidence: 55%

First volatile inventory for Gorely volcano, Kamchatka

Aiuppa

Giudice

Liuzzo

et al. 2012

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…This may suggest insignificant fractionation between Nb and Ta in deep water, reflected in the comparable τ (2.7 × 10 3 y for Nb and 1.3 × 10 3 y for Ta). It should be noted, however, that the regression line has a positive Nb intercept, which is distinct from the general proportionality between Nb and Ta in sediments and rocks 24,25 . The unique fractionation in the ocean may be attributed to incongruent inputs of Nb or preferential removal of Ta from surface sea water.…”

mentioning

confidence: 74%

Strong elemental fractionation of Zr–Hf and Nb–Ta across the Pacific Ocean

et al. 2011

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Understanding the circulation of water masses in the world's oceans is critical to our knowledge of the Earth's climate system. Trace elements and their isotopes have been explored as tracers for the movement of water masses 1 . One type of candidate elements 2 are the high-field-strength elements zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), niobium (Nb) and tantalum (Ta). Here we measure the distributions of dissolved Zr, Hf, Nb and Ta along two meridional sections in the Pacific Ocean that extend from 65 • to 10 • S and from 10 • to 50 • N. We find that all four elements tend to be depleted in surface water. In the deep oceans, their concentrations rise along our transects from the Southern Ocean to the North Pacific Ocean, and show strong correlations with the concentration of silicate. These results indicate that terrigenous sources are important to the budget of Zr, Hf, Nb and Ta in sea water, compared with hydrothermal input. Unexpectedly, the weight ratios for Zr/Hf fall between 45 and 350 and those for Nb/Ta between 14 and 85 in Pacific sea water, higher than the ratios observed in fresh water, in the silicate Earth or in chondritic meteorites. We conclude that the fractionation of Zr/Hf and Nb/Ta ratios will be useful for tracing water masses in the ocean.In the modern ocean, deep water is formed in the northern North Atlantic and the Southern oceans and flows to the Indian and the Pacific oceans. This thermohaline circulation results in an oceanic mixing time in the range 500 to 1,000 years. Silicate (Si(OH) 4 ), a major nutrient, is taken up by diatoms from surface sea water to form siliceous tests, and remineralized from the sinking tests in deep water 3 . The silicate concentration increases with the age of the deep water. Such a biogeochemical cycle is important in controlling the biological productivity in the ocean. An international research collaboration program, GEOTRACES, has been launched recently to determine the global distribution of trace elements and their isotopes (TEIs) and to characterize more completely their biogeochemical cycles 1 . Refractory elements have a low supply to the oceans relative to their abundance in the Earth's crust 2 . They are also rapidly removed from sea water by adsorption on sinking particles, a process referred to as scavenging. These factors result in large variations in the oceanic distributions that typically reflect their sources, making them potential tracers of water masses. For this purpose, rare earth elements (REEs), which occur as carbonate complexes of a trivalent (+3) been measured in iron-manganese (Fe-Mn) crusts and nodules, sediments, and rocks 5-9 . The first dissolved seawater Hf isotope data were recently published 10,11 . Together with neodymium isotope ratios ( 143 Nd/ 144 Nd, expressed as ε Nd ), the Hf-Nd isotope system is used as an excellent proxy to elucidate the past change in continental weathering and/or hydrothermal sources to the ocean. It is now well known that for a given ε Nd , sea water and precipitates, such as ironmagnanese (Fe-Mn) crust...

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“…Both andesites and dacites exhibit high Pt/Pt* (Pt anomaly), (Pt/Ir) N and Re/Os ratios higher than those of chondrites and primitive mantle (Barnes et al, 1988;McDonough and Sun, 1995), but similar to those of the ; (e) Th/La vs. Th (Plank, 2005); (f) Nb/Ta vs. Nb (Rudnick et al, 2000). Upper crust and marine sediments are from Plank (2005), Plank and Langmuir (1998), and references therein. MORB data are from Niu and Batiza (1997).…”

Section: Platinum Group Elements (Pge) and Re And Aumentioning

confidence: 94%

“…2 of Yin and Harrison (2000)) and Wang et al (2008c). The data for marine sediments are from Plank and Langmuir (1998). The Nd-Sr isotope data for Triassic magmatic rock in the central-northern Tibetan Plateau are from these references (Fu et al, 2010;Harris et al, 1988;Roger et al, 2003Roger et al, , 2004Wang et al, 2008b;Xiao et al, 2007;Yuan et al, 2009Yuan et al, , 2010Zhang et al, 2006aZhang et al, , 2007a, and references therein).…”

Section: Tectonic Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%