The chemical composition of macroscopic aggregates in two neretic seas1

Alldredge, Alice L.

doi:10.4319/lo.1979.24.5.0855

Cited by 72 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Marine particles are typically derived from organic polymers, phytoplankton, bacteria, fecal pellets, mineral materials, and other suspended matter characteristic of a given water mass (Silver and Alldredge, 1981). They are reservoir for numerous elements and compounds, such as trace metals, C, N, protein, carbohydrate and lipid (Alldredge, 1979), and are responsible for the delivery of the surface organic matter to the seafloor (Alldredge and Silver, 1988). During the sinking process, large numbers of heterotrophic bacteria continuously approach, and colonize these particles (Kiørboe et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quorum Sensing System of Ruegeria mobilis Rm01 Controls Lipase and Biofilm Formation

Tang

Liu

et al. 2019

Front. Microbiol.

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Quorum sensing (QS) promotes in situ extracellular enzyme (EE) activity via the exogenous signal N-acylhomoserine lactone (AHL), which facilitates marine particle degradation, but the species that engage in this regulatory mechanism remain unclear. Here, we obtained AHL-producing and AHL-degrading strains from marine particles. The strain Ruegeria mobilis Rm01 of the Roseobacter group (RBG), which was capable of both AHL producing and degrading, was chosen to represent these strains. We demonstrated that Rm01 possessed a complex QS network comprising AHL-based QS and quorum quenching (QQ) systems and autoinducer-2 (AI-2) perception system. Rm01 was able to respond to multiple exogenous QS signals through the QS network. By applying self-generated AHLs and non-self-generated AHLs and AI-2 QS signal molecules, we modulated biofilm formation and lipase production in Rm01, which reflected the coordination of bacterial metabolism with that of other species via eavesdropping on exogenous QS signals. These results suggest that R. mobilis might be one of the participators that could regulate EE activities by responding to QS signals in marine particles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quorum Sensing System of Ruegeria mobilis Rm01 Controls Lipase and Biofilm Formation

Tang

Liu

et al. 2019

Front. Microbiol.

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“…2). Among these transformations are microbial processing of organic matter (Bidle andAzam 1999, Bhaskar andBhosle 2005), chemical breakdown , MacIntyre et al 1995, foraging (Stemmann et al 2004, MacIntyre et al 1995, Gooday 2002, and aggregation or fragmentation (Stemmann et al 2004, Alldredge 1979, which transform the sinking material and turn it into more refractory matter as it follows its path towards the seafloor. Qualitatively, settling material suffers an impoverishment as it travels from surface to bottom Gooday 2003, Schewe andSoltwedel 2003).…”

Section: The Ocean As a Puff Pastrymentioning

confidence: 99%

The benthos: the ocean’s last boundary?

Gili

Vendrell-Simón

Arntz

et al. 2020

scimar

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Benthic communities depend on receiving much of their food from the water column. While sinking, particles are transformed in a discontinuous process and are temporally retained in transitional physical structures, which act as boundaries and contribute to their further transformation. Motile organisms are well-acquainted with boundaries. The number, width and placement of boundaries are related to the degree of particle degradation or transformation. Progressively deepening within each boundary, particles are degraded according to their residence time in the discontinuity and the activity of the organisms temporarily inhabiting that boundary. Finally, particles reach the seafloor and represent the main food source for benthic organisms; the quality and quantity of this food have a strong impact on the development of benthic communities. However, benthic communities not only play the role of a sink of matter: they act as an active boundary comparable to other oceanic boundaries, in accordance with the boundary concept proposed by the ecologist Ramon Margalef.

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“…Coccolithophores also produce calcite shells, and these calcifying phytoplankton not only contribute organic material but their calcification also helps to regulate surface ocean alkalinity, the buffer capacity of seawater and therefore air-sea CO 2 exchange (Balch, 2018). Both are grazed by zooplankton, which egest faecal pellets that fall towards the ocean floor, removing particulate organic matter (POM) from the surface and aggregating with other particles to form marine snow (Alldredge, 1979;Alldredge and Silver, 1988). In this way carbon is exported from the ocean surface to deeper levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regionally disparate ecological responses to microplastic slowing of faecal pellets yields coherent carbon cycle response

et al. 2023

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Microplastic is a ubiquitous marine pollutant whose small dimensions make it biologically available to phytoplankton and zooplankton. These organisms are crucial as the basis of the marine food web and for the export of organic material in the form of faecal pellets from the surface to deeper in the water column, forming a long-term carbon sink. Previous laboratory studies have demonstrated empirically that ingestion of low density microplastics reduces the sinking rates of zooplankton faecal pellets. This study uses a complex earth system model to analyse this effect and assess its wider impacts in a changing climate. Results show that the slowing of faecal pellet sinking stimulates changes to ecosystems regionally and reduces ocean carbon uptake by about 4.4 Pg C between the years 1950-2100, 0.24% of anthropogenic emissions over this time. However, perturbation of organic particle fluxes is significant, especially in gyres, and of the order of climate change impacts over the same time period. We calculate that plastics carbon has a 3 orders of magnitude greater impact on marine ecosystems than atmospheric carbon over our centennial timescale. Large uncertainties in model parameters and simplistic model structure suggest our results should be interpreted as motivation to further investigate parameter estimation, calcification responses to pollution, and the combined effects of multiple impact mechanisms on ecosystems.

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The chemical composition of macroscopic aggregates in two neretic seas1

Abstract: Chemical analysis of macroscopic aggregates and whole water samples show that 26-34%

Cited by 72 publications

References 19 publications

Quorum Sensing System of Ruegeria mobilis Rm01 Controls Lipase and Biofilm Formation

Quorum Sensing System of Ruegeria mobilis Rm01 Controls Lipase and Biofilm Formation

The benthos: the ocean’s last boundary?

Regionally disparate ecological responses to microplastic slowing of faecal pellets yields coherent carbon cycle response

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