The chemical and mineralogical behaviour of Pb in shooting range soils from central Sweden

Lin, Zhixun; Comet, Blaise; Qvarfort, Ulf; Herbert, Roger B.

doi:10.1016/0269-7491(94)00068-o

Cited by 121 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…6(a). The formation of hydrocerussite upon uptake of Pb by calcite was reported also by other studies (Marani et al, 1995;Lin et al, 1995;Godelitsas et al, 2003). In these studies, formation of a mixture of cerussite and hydrocerussite was reported.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Samples Prepared At An Initial Ph 100supporting

confidence: 64%

Study of the scavenging behavior and structural changes accompanying the interaction of aqueous Pb2+ and Sr2+ ions with calcite

2005

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The uptake of Pb 2+ and Sr 2+ ions from aqueous solutions by calcite was studied at various initial concentrations and pH conditions using the batch method under ambient conditions. XRPD, SEM/EDS, AAS/AES, and DRIFT techniques were used in characterizing the sorption process. The results indicated that the retention mechanism of Pb 2+ and Sr 2+ ions ranged from ion incorporation to precipitate overgrowth (cerussite, hydrocerussite for Pb, strontianite for Sr) depending on the concentration and pH conditions. The calcite structure seemed to be entirely vanishing upon formation of cerussite and hydrocerussite while partial dissolution of calcite occurred upon strontianite formation. The formation of precipitates showed rapid kinetics, and equilibrium seemed to be reached within about an hour from the start of mixing. SEM analysis showed that cerussite, hydrocerussite, and strontianite had columnar prismatic-like, tabular hexagonal-like, and needlelike morphologies. Based on a nine-month observation period, dry samples of hydrocerussite seemed to show more morphological stability than cerussite. EDS analysis indicated that Pb 2+ sorption is more favored than that of Sr 2+ , particularly in the phase of precipitate overgrowth. DRIFT analysis indicated a change in the symmetry of the carbonate groups in calcite matrix upon uptake of Pb 2+ and Sr 2+ cations.Keywords: calcite, Pb 2+ , Sr 2+ , strontianite, cerussite, hydrocerussite various metals and hence affecting the biogeochemical cycles of these metals in the environment. These minerals play a major rule in the chemical regulation of aquatic environments via precipitation, dissolution, and sorption reactions which are in turn controlled by the chemical processes taking place at the interface between the mineral lattice and the bulk solution (Morse, 1986). CaCO 3 can exist in three polymorphs; calcite, aragonite, and vaterite. Among these three polymorphs, calcite is the most thermodynamically stable one at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Calcite possesses a rhombohedral/hexagonal structure with the trigonal carbonate ions being coplanar. The planes containing carbonate ions are perpendicular to the c-axis and they are rotated by 60° from one carbonate layer to the next (Kuriyavar et al., 2000).Knowledge of the nature of interaction of the metal ions with carbonate minerals is essential in predicting the extent to which they could be fated by these ions, the thing leading to retarding their dispersion into the environment. Recently, the increased applications of various surface-sensitive spectroscopic and microscopic techniques in sorption studies is enabling an understanding of this process on molecular-level the thing providing a better understanding of the mechanisms of interactions between different ions and sorbents. A limited number of such studies were devoted to characterizing the interac- INTRODUCTIONLead is an element that is continuously discharged into the biological environment as a result of various individual and industrial activities (g...

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Section: Analysis Of the Samples Prepared At An Initial Ph 100supporting

confidence: 64%

Study of the scavenging behavior and structural changes accompanying the interaction of aqueous Pb2+ and Sr2+ ions with calcite

2005

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“…The reaction of SO�-with Pb to give anglesite has also been described in soils where the flux of Pb is high and constant, such as in the soil of shooting ranges, where the Pb-input comes from shotgun pellets (Lin et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of gypsum with lead in aqueous solutions

Astilleros

Γοδελίτσας

Rodríguez-Blanco

et al. 2010

Applied Geochemistry

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“…We examined soil from an abandoned firing range for cultivable fungi, their secretion patterns of LMWOAs, and potential for Pb-carbonate dissolution, as well as the abundance of OTUs similar to our isolates within these highly Pb-contaminated soils. We combined selective and differential culture-based techniques to target fungi capable of acid production and subsequently identified several fungi in this ecosystem that were capable of solubilizing Pb-carbonate, one of the most abundant Pb minerals commonly found in firing range soils (4,30,31). Pyrosequence analysis of fungal LSU rRNA genes from these soils verified the presence of organisms sharing genetic identity with our acid-producing isolates and revealed that soil fungal diversity varied with the soil Pb content and sampling method.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Pb bullets most frequently weather to lead carbonate (10,30,31,55), which also has very limited solubility. However, heavily contaminated soils, such as those found at outdoor shooting ranges, when weathered over many years may result in Pb saturation on binding sites, leading to Pb mobilization through the soil profile and into subsurface environments, including ground water (7,28,37).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Firing Range Soils Yield a Diverse Array of Fungal Isolates Capable of Organic Acid Production and Pb Mineral Solubilization

Sullivan

Gottel

Basta

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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e Anthropogenic sources of lead contamination in soils include mining and smelting activities, effluents and wastes, agricultural pesticides, domestic garbage dumps, and shooting ranges. While Pb is typically considered relatively insoluble in the soil environment, some fungi may potentially contribute to mobilization of heavy metal cations by means of secretion of low-molecularweight organic acids (LMWOAs). We sought to better understand the potential for metal mobilization within an indigenous fungal community at an abandoned shooting range in Oak Ridge, TN, where soil Pb contamination levels ranged from 24 to >2,700 mg Pb kg dry soil ؊1 . We utilized culture-based assays to determine organic acid secretion and Pb-carbonate dissolution of a diverse collection of soil fungal isolates derived from the site and verified isolate distribution patterns within the community by 28S rRNA gene analysis of whole soils. The fungal isolates examined included both ascomycetes and basidiomycetes that excreted high levels (up to 27 mM) of a mixture of LMWOAs, including oxalic and citric acids, and several isolates demonstrated a marked ability to dissolve Pb-carbonate at high concentrations up to 10.5 g liter ؊1 (18.5 mM) in laboratory assays. Fungi within the indigenous community of these highly Pb-contaminated soils are capable of LMWOA secretion at levels greater than those of well-studied model organisms, such as Aspergillus niger. Additionally, these organisms were found in high relative abundance (>1%) in some of the most heavily contaminated soils. Our data highlight the need to understand more about autochthonous fungal communities at Pb-contaminated sites and how they may impact Pb biogeochemistry, solubility, and bioavailability, thus consequently potentially impacting human and ecosystem health.

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The chemical and mineralogical behaviour of Pb in shooting range soils from central Sweden

Cited by 121 publications

References 2 publications

Study of the scavenging behavior and structural changes accompanying the interaction of aqueous Pb2+ and Sr2+ ions with calcite

Study of the scavenging behavior and structural changes accompanying the interaction of aqueous Pb2+ and Sr2+ ions with calcite

Interaction of gypsum with lead in aqueous solutions

Firing Range Soils Yield a Diverse Array of Fungal Isolates Capable of Organic Acid Production and Pb Mineral Solubilization

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