The Characterization of Intraepithelial Lymphocytes, Lamina Propria Leukocytes, and Isolated Lymphoid Follicles in the Large Intestine of Mice Infected with the Intestinal Nematode Parasite <i>Trichuris muris</i>

Little, Matthew C.; Bell, L. V.; Cliffe, Laura J.; Else, Kathryn J.

doi:10.4049/jimmunol.175.10.6713

Cited by 58 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…These results confirm that rTsCPB induced a mixed Th1/Th2 but Th2-predominant response, which is consistent with previous work by Little et al (45) showing a mixed Th1/Th2 response to infection with the gastrointestinal nematode parasite Trichuris muris in C57BL/6 mice. However, the adaptive immune response to helminth infections varies considerably between different strains of mouse, and even different levels of infection (45,46). For example, BALB/c mice mounted a strong Th2 response (and also a weak and delayed Th17 response) to T. muris, whereas C57BL/6 mice mounted strong Th1, Th2, and Th17 responses (1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment with Recombinant Trichinella spiralis Cathepsin B–like Protein Ameliorates Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice by Promoting a Switch from M1 to M2 Macrophages

Liu

Wen

Zhan

et al. 2015

The Journal of Immunology

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Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, in which macrophages play a key role, can cause high morbidity and mortality. The switch from classically (M1) to alternatively (M2) activated macrophages, which is dependent on the activation of STAT6 signaling, has been shown to protect organs from I/R injuries. In the current study, the effects of recombinant Trichinella spiralis cathepsin B–like protein (rTsCPB) on intestinal I/R injury and the potential mechanism related to macrophage phenotypes switch were investigated. In a mouse I/R model undergoing 60-min intestinal ischemia followed by 2-h or 7-d reperfusion, we demonstrated that intestinal I/R caused significant intestinal injury and induced a switch from M2 to M1 macrophages, evidenced by a decrease in levels of M2 markers (arginase-1 and found in inflammatory zone protein), an increase in levels of M1 markers (inducible NO synthase and CCR7), and a decrease in the ratio of M2/M1 macrophages. RTsCPB reversed intestinal I/R-induced M2–M1 transition and promoted M1-M2 phenotype switch evidenced by a significant decrease in M1 markers, an increase in M2 markers, and the ratio of M2/M1 macrophages. Meanwhile, rTsCPB significantly ameliorated intestinal injury and improved intestinal function and survival rate of animals, accompanied by a decrease in neutrophil infiltration and an increase in cell proliferation in the intestine. However, a selective STAT6 inhibitor, AS1517499, reversed the protective effects of rTsCPB by inhibiting M1 to M2 transition. These findings suggest that intestinal I/R injury causes a switch from M2 to M1 macrophages and that rTsCPB ameliorates intestinal injury by promoting STAT6-dependent M1 to M2 transition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment with Recombinant Trichinella spiralis Cathepsin B–like Protein Ameliorates Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice by Promoting a Switch from M1 to M2 Macrophages

Liu

Wen

Zhan

et al. 2015

The Journal of Immunology

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“…This might decrease oral prion disease susceptibility due to the increased sequestration of prions by macrophages (see above). T. muris infection also stimulates ILF development in the large intestine (Donaldson et al, 2015b;Little et al, 2005) (Fig. 5c).…”

Section: Congruent Pathogen Infection In the Large Intestinementioning

confidence: 85%

“…5a). Expulsion of the parasite at the later stages of infection coincides with the influx of large numbers macrophages into the lamina propria of the caecum (deSchoolmeester et al, 2003;Little et al, 2005) (Fig. 5b).…”

Section: Congruent Pathogen Infection In the Large Intestinementioning

confidence: 90%

“…In the ileum, in contrast, the number and density of isolated lymphoid follicles was unchanged after T. muris infection. influx of macrophages into the lamina propria of intestine, as occurs in response to certain pathogen infections (deSchoolmeester et al, 2003;Little et al, 2005) (Fig. 5b), could decrease disease susceptibility by enhancing prion sequestration.…”

Section: Effects On Mononuclear Phagocytes (Mnps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of the commensal and pathogenic gut microbiota on prion disease pathogenesis

Donaldson

Mabbott

2016

Journal of General Virology

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“…26 In animal models, the presence and numbers of isolated lymphoid follicles has been related to the response to intraluminal antigen. 27 The role of mast cells is well known in allergic and parasitic inflammation, and increasingly so in the regulation of epithelial barrier, mucosal immune function, motility, and gut visceral sensitivity. 28,29 The role of Treg cells has also been described in diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune gastritis, and thyroiditis.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphocytic Follicles and Aggregates Are a Determinant of Mucosal Damage and Duration of Diarrhea

Shah¹,

Thakkar²,

Shen³

et al. 2013

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine

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N Context.-Nonspecific changes (nonspecific chronic inflammation) in patients with chronic diarrhea represent the commonest diagnosis in colorectal biopsy interpretation, but these changes are of little clinical significance.Objective.-To find, within this group, histologic and immunohistologic diagnostic criteria to predict the duration and resolution of diarrhea.Design.-Detailed clinical features and histologic findings were analyzed in a cohort of 47 patients with chronic diarrhea, with near-normal histology and no clear-cut known etiologic agent. Immunohistochemistry to mast cells (CD117) and Treg cells (FOXP3) was also assessed in 39 patients.Results.-Increased number of lymphoid follicles and aggregates, increased number of mast cells, and paucity of Treg were the statistically significant key findings (P = .003, P = .008, and P = .04, respectively). The duration of diarrhea was correlated with the number of large lymphoid follicles and aggregates (P = .001, r = .48), number of total lymphoid follicles and aggregates (P = .003, r = .43), density of lymphoid follicles and aggregates (P = .009, r = .38), and total lymphoid follicles and aggregates per biopsy (P = .004, r = .42) and the number of mast cells (P = .001, r = .52). The number of mast cells and Treg cells showed significant difference between resolved and unresolved cases (P = .001 and P = .01 respectively).Conclusions.-Lymphocytic follicles and aggregates colitis, previously regarded as of negligible diagnostic significance, allows the prediction of the behavior of chronic diarrhea in a subset of patients with nonspecific changes on colonic biopsy. The increased number of mast cells and paucity of Treg cells further helps to identify such unresolved cases.

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The Characterization of Intraepithelial Lymphocytes, Lamina Propria Leukocytes, and Isolated Lymphoid Follicles in the Large Intestine of Mice Infected with the Intestinal Nematode Parasite Trichuris muris

Cited by 58 publications

References 39 publications

Treatment with Recombinant Trichinella spiralis Cathepsin B–like Protein Ameliorates Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice by Promoting a Switch from M1 to M2 Macrophages

Treatment with Recombinant Trichinella spiralis Cathepsin B–like Protein Ameliorates Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice by Promoting a Switch from M1 to M2 Macrophages

The influence of the commensal and pathogenic gut microbiota on prion disease pathogenesis

Lymphocytic Follicles and Aggregates Are a Determinant of Mucosal Damage and Duration of Diarrhea

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