The characterization of carbon species in particulate matter by successive thermal desorption

Ulrich, Elin M.; Beckmann, C.; Israël, G.W.

doi:10.1016/0021-8502(90)90316-p

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Total carbon mass concentration and its partitioning in terms of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) was determined by off‐line thermographic analysis of samples collected on quartz fiber filters (Munktell, type MK 360, 47 mm diameter) according to the German VDI‐guideline 2465(2). We applied a temperature protocol similar to Ulrich et al [1990] to classify the thermally desorbed organic and elemental carbon (detected as CO 2 ) in three fractions: OC I (350°C in helium), OC II (650°C in helium), and EC (650°C in oxygen). The chamber was filled with particle‐free humidified synthetic air before each experiment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absorption amplification of black carbon internally mixed with secondary organic aerosol

Schnaiter¹,

Linke²,

Möhler³

et al. 2005

J. Geophys. Res.

415

391

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[1] The scattering and absorption properties of black carbon (BC) particles internally mixed with secondary organic aerosol (SOA) were investigated experimentally at the large aerosol chamber facility AIDA. Diesel soot particles were coated with secondary organic compounds produced by the in situ ozonolysis of a-pinene. It was found that the organic coating strongly affects the optical and microphysical properties of the soot aggregates. Amplification factors of the internally mixed BC of 1.8 to 2.1 compared to the specific absorption cross section of externally mixed BC were measured. These amplification factors are well reproduced by a Mie model for concentrically coated spheres over a wide range of organic coating/BC mixing ratios. Other optical properties in particular of thinly coated soot particles, namely, the single scattering albedo, the Å ngstrøm exponent, and the hemispheric backscattering ratio, are less well reproduced by the model, most likely because of the restructuring and the incomplete enclosure of the porous soot aggregates.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absorption amplification of black carbon internally mixed with secondary organic aerosol

Schnaiter¹,

Linke²,

Möhler³

et al. 2005

J. Geophys. Res.

415

391

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Thermographic carbon analysis was accomplished according to the German VDI-guideline 2465, part 2 (VDI, 1999). We used a thermal carbon analyser system developed at the Institute of Environmental Technology of the Technical University of Berlin (Ulrich et al, 1990). Combustion aerosol samples were deposited on quartz fibre filters (Munktell, type MK 360) which have been prefired at 650 • C for at least 12 h prior to sampling.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong spectral dependence of light absorption by organic carbon particles formed by propane combustion

Schnaiter¹,

Gimmler²,

Llamas³

et al. 2006

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

147

135

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Abstract. We have measured the extinction and absorption cross sections of carbon particles emitted by a propane diffusion flame both in an aerosol chamber and on size-segregated samples deposited on optical windows. The absorption cross section, the single scattering albedo, and the Ångström exponent show drastic dependencies both on the C/O ratio and on the particle size. This is interpretated as being due to the appearance of nucleation modes of smaller organic particles at higher C/O ratios, which were detected by SMPS measurements and partially by TEM analysis. The spectral range of the validity of the absorption power-law (Ångström exponent) model is investigated by vacuum ultraviolet extinction measurements. These measurements give also indications for a preferentially aromatic nature of the OC component of the flame products.

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“…Methods have been developed including extraction steps to remove OC with organic solvents, acids, bases and water [ Cadle and Groblicki , 1980; Japar et al , 1984; Kuhlbusch , 1994; VDI 2465 Bl.1 , 1996]. Dry thermal desorption methods under an inert gas [ Malissa et al , 1976; Cadle et al , 1980; Ogren et al , 1983; Ulrich et al , 1990; VDI 2465 Bl.2 , 1997], air [ Cadle and Groblicki , 1980; Cadle et al , 1981] or oxygen atmosphere [ Malissa et al , 1976; Novakov , 1982; Cachier et al , 1989; Lavanchy et al , 1999] with a wide range of conditions also have been applied. Furthermore, combinations of both wet and dry methods have been used [ Iwatsuki et al , 1998; Zappoli et al , 1999].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonaceous aerosol over the Indian Ocean: OC/EC fractions and selected specifications from size‐segregated onboard samples

Neusüß

2002

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] Concentrations and mass fractions of organic carbon, elemental carbon, and numerous organic species have been determined for submicrometer and supermicrometer particles in the Indian Ocean on the cruise of the R/V Ron Brown during INDOEX in February/March 1999. The total carbon (TC) concentration was low for air masses originating from the southern hemisphere of the Indian Ocean, where only small amounts of organic carbon (OC) could be detected in supermicrometer (sea salt) particles. The OC concentration was typically more than one order of magnitude higher in the northern Indian Ocean, where continental air masses were encountered, both for submicrometer and supermicrometer particles. Elemental carbon (EC) was mostly found in submicrometer particles, increasing up to more than two orders of magnitude in the northern part compared to the southern part of the Indian Ocean. The mass fraction of carbonaceous material was in the range of 6-15% and 2-12% for submicrometer and supermicrometer particles, respectively, with the higher values for more polluted air masses. A high degree of mixing with light scattering material is the main reason for high-absorption coefficients. The absorption efficiency is higher for lower mass fractions of EC. Various short-chain dicarboxylic and hydroxylated dicarboxylic acids have been determined. Dicarboxylic acids were mostly found in supermicrometer particles, whereas hydroxylated dicarboxylic acids showed up mainly in submicrometer particles. Alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons have been found in small amounts, leading to the conclusion that an important part of the organic material is of secondary origin. This is confirmed by the good correlation of the sum of carboxylic acids with OC, nitrate with a less pronounced correlation with sulfate. However, low OC/EC ratios indicate the existence of primary OC. Citation: Neusüß, C., T. Gnauk, A. Plewka, H. Herrmann, and P. K. Quinn, Carbonaceous aerosol over the Indian Ocean: OC/EC fractions and selected specifications from size-segregated onboard samples,

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The characterization of carbon species in particulate matter by successive thermal desorption

Cited by 9 publications

References 2 publications

Absorption amplification of black carbon internally mixed with secondary organic aerosol

Absorption amplification of black carbon internally mixed with secondary organic aerosol

Strong spectral dependence of light absorption by organic carbon particles formed by propane combustion

Carbonaceous aerosol over the Indian Ocean: OC/EC fractions and selected specifications from size‐segregated onboard samples

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