The Characteristics of the Growth and the Active Compounds of Angelica gigas Nakai in Cultivation Sites

Abstract

<jats:p>The active compounds of medicinal plants vary in composition and content depending on environmental factors, such as light, temperature, and soil. According to the Korean Pharmacopoeia standards for herbal medicine, the sum of nodakenin, decursin, and decursinolangelate, which are the marker components of Korean Angelica, should be at least 6.0 g/100 g. However, the content of the components in Korean Angelica cultivated in South Korea often fall below 6.0 g/100 g, due to weather conditions and cultivation site characteristics. This study aimed to gather information about environmental factors that affect the root growth and the content of active compounds. In total, 18 cultivation sites in Pyeongchang, Jecheon, and Bonghwa regions in Korea were investigated for this study. Environmental factors, such as the monthly mean temperature, mean relative humidity, duration of sunshine, total precipitation, soil acidity, and the characteristics of soil nutrient, were investigated over the growing season from April to October 2017. As for the growth characteristics, the dry weight of roots of Korean Angelica was measured. The sum of the contents of the three active compounds was 5.3–7.0 g/100 g and the nodakenin content was 0.3–1.3 g/100 g in the cultivation sites. This study concludes that the root yields in the cultivation sites would be improved if weather conditions are maintained with similar levels as those in their natural habitats. Additionally, the environment that improves root growth did not increase the content of active compounds; however, when there was a lot of gravel or high temperatures during the growth period, the content of active compounds was relatively high.</jats:p>

Phytotherapy as Multi-Hit Therapy to Confront the Multiple Pathophysiology in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review of Experimental Interventions

“…[ 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 ]. A. gigas Nakai is rich in coumarins mainly nodakenin, decursin, and decursinol angelate [ 80 ]. Bae et al [ 40 ] showed the multi-therapeutic effects of Angelica gigas Nakai extract (AGNE) against NAFLD in mice fed with a high-fat diet.…”

A comprehensive review of antitumor properties of Angelica species and their antitumor‐responsible constituents and the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in tumor inhibition

“…Recently, several coumarin derivatives, such as decursins, decursinol, decursinol angelate, nodakenin, nodakenetin, and umbelliferon, have been isolated from A . gigas (Lü et al, 2022; Park et al, 2020). The constituents of A .…”

“…Pyranocoumarins, essential oils, and polyacetylenes are all bioactive components of A. gigas (Zhang et al, 2012). Recently, several coumarin derivatives, such as decursins, decursinol, decursinol angelate, nodakenin, nodakenetin, and umbelliferon, have been isolated from A. gigas (Lü et al, 2022;Park et al, 2020). The constituents of A. gigas are an important ingredient of Ka-mi-kae-kyuk-tang (KMKKT), a formula of ten oriental herbal cocktails that has in vitro and in vivo antitumor properties involving apoptosis, metastasis, and angiogenesis (Lee et al, 2006).…”

The growth characteristics and lignans contents of Schisandra chinensis fruits from different cultivation regions

“…Cultivation methods only for growth can cause a decrease in the compound contents. Park et al [27] reported that there was a negative correlation (r = − 0.437) between dry weight of root and total contents of active compound (nodakenin, decursin, and decursinol angelate) in Angelica gigas Nakai. And they mentioned that various non-biological stresses can affect the growth of plant or specific functional compounds.…”