The Characteristics of Laser Welding of a Thin Aluminum Tab and Steel Battery Case for Lithium-Ion Battery

Trinh, Lanh Ngoc; Lee, Dongkyoung

doi:10.3390/met10060842

Cited by 47 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Since the materials have different physical and thermal properties, some properties significantly affect the interaction with the laser beam, influencing the performance of the process. For this reason, the melting temperatures, thermal expansions, heat capacities, and thermal conductivities could be considered during the selection of materials [46][47][48][49][50]. For numerous engineering applications, joining two different materials is essential to achieve the necessary component characteristics.…”

Section: Microstructural Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulsed Laser Welding Applied to Metallic Materials—A Material Approach

Chludzinski

Santos

Churiaque

et al. 2021

Metals

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Joining metallic alloys can be an intricate task, being necessary to take into account the material characteristics and the application in order to select the appropriate welding process. Among the variety of welding methods, pulsed laser technology is being successfully used in the industrial sector due to its beneficial aspects, for which most of them are related to the energy involved. Since the laser beam is focused in a concentrated area, a narrow and precise weld bead is created, with a reduced heat affected zone. This characteristic stands out for thinner material applications. As a non-contact process, the technique delivers flexibility and precision with high joining quality. In this sense, the present review addresses the most representative investigations developed in this welding process. A summary of these technological achievements in metallic metals, including steel, titanium, aluminium, and superalloys, is reported. Special attention is paid to the microstructural formation in the weld zone. Particular emphasis is given to the mechanical behaviour of the joints reported in terms of microhardness and strength performance. The main purpose of this work was to provide an overview of the results obtained with pulsed laser welding technology in diverse materials, including similar and dissimilar joints. In addition, outlook and remarks are addressed regarding the process characteristics and the state of knowledge.

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Section: Microstructural Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulsed Laser Welding Applied to Metallic Materials—A Material Approach

Chludzinski

Santos

Churiaque

et al. 2021

Metals

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show abstract

“…In some industries, such as automotive and battery production, the steel is frequently coated with a thin nickel layer for strength and electrical conductivity improvement [110]. Nickel-coated steel represents coating deposited by electroplating process with approximately 10-100 µm in thickness and very high integrity of bonding.…”

Section: Steel-aluminium With Interlayers and Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the heat input should be limited, and/or Ni interlayer thickness increased. Recently, Trinh and Lee [110] applied single-mode laser welding with short pulses (<200 ns) with low energies (10-20 W) to join pure Al tabs to Ni-coated steel (10 µm thick Ni) for a battery case. Due to low thickness of the Ni-layer, it was easily vapourised during welding, causing pores, or blowholes, at a low laser power.…”

Section: Steel-aluminium With Interlayers and Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Laser-Assisted Joining of Aluminium Alloys to Other Metals

Bunaziv

Akselsen

Ren

et al. 2021

Metals

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Modern industry requires different advanced metallic alloys with specific properties since conventional steels cannot cover all requirements. Aluminium alloys are becoming more popular, due to their low weight, high corrosion resistance, and relatively high strength. They possess respectable electrical conductivity, and their application extends to the energy sector. There is a high demand in joining aluminium alloys with other metals, such as steels, copper, and titanium. The joining of two or more metals is challenging, due to formation of the intermetallic compound (IMC) layer with excessive brittleness. High differences in the thermophysical properties cause distortions, cracking, improper dilution, and numerous weld imperfections, having an adverse effect on strength. Laser beam as a high concentration energy source is an alternative welding method for highly conductive metals, with significant improvement in productivity, compared to conventional joining processes. It may provide lower heat input and reduce the thickness of the IMC layer. The laser beam can be combined with arc-forming hybrid processes for wider control over thermal cycle. Apart from the IMC layer thickness, there are many other factors that have a strong effect on the weld integrity; their optimisation and innovation is a key to successfully delivering high-quality joints.

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“…Recently, laser processing has been partially applied in battery manufacturing, such as electrode cutting and battery tab and case welding, because it is possible to obtain a precise and fast process with high energy density [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. In addition, laser processing has been reported as a technology that can effectively manufacture 3D electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Fluence and Multi-Pass on Groove Morphology and Process Efficiency of Laser Structuring for 3D Electrodes of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Park

Lee

2021

Materials

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Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used as energy storage systems. With the growing interest in electric vehicles, battery performance related to traveling distance has become more important. Therefore, there are various studies going on to achieve high-power and high-energy batteries. Laser structuring of electrodes involves a groove being produced on electrodes by a laser. This technique was used to show that battery performance can be enhanced due to improving Li-ion diffusion. However, there is a lack of studies about the morphological variation of grooves and process efficiency in laser parameters in the laser structuring of electrodes. In this study, the LiFePO4 cathode is structured by a nanosecond laser to analyze the morphological variation of grooves and process efficiency depending on laser fluence and the number of passes. First, the various morphologies of grooves are formed by a combination of fluences and the number of passes. At a fluence of 0.86 J/cm2 and three passes, the maximum aspect ratio of 1.58 is achieved and the surface area of structured electrodes is greater than that of unstructured electrodes. Secondly, three ablation phenomena observed after laser structuring are classified according to laser parameters through SEM images and EDX analysis. Finally, we analyze the amount of active material removal and process efficiency during laser structuring. In conclusion, applying low fluence and multi-pass is assumed to be advantageous for laser structuring of electrodes.

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The Characteristics of Laser Welding of a Thin Aluminum Tab and Steel Battery Case for Lithium-Ion Battery

Cited by 47 publications

References 39 publications

Pulsed Laser Welding Applied to Metallic Materials—A Material Approach

Pulsed Laser Welding Applied to Metallic Materials—A Material Approach

A Review on Laser-Assisted Joining of Aluminium Alloys to Other Metals

Effect of Fluence and Multi-Pass on Groove Morphology and Process Efficiency of Laser Structuring for 3D Electrodes of Lithium-Ion Batteries

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