The Characteristics of Epilepsy in Healthcare Facilities in Medan Period of 2015–2020

Abstract

Background: Epilepsy is brain disorder marked by the tendency to continuously causing epileptic raise with neurobiological, cognitive, psychological, and social consequences. About 50 million people worldwide have epilepsy, making epilepsy the most common neurological disease globally. There are minimal data on the prevalence of epilepsy patients in Medan.Objective: To determine the characteristics of epilepsy in health facilities in Medan from 2015 to 2020.Method: This was a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design, using secondary data obtained from medical record of 4 hospitals and 10 health centers in Medan from the period 2015-2020, collected using the total sampling method.Results: The population of epilepsy patients in Medan City is in the amount of 847 people. The median value of age 32 (18-89) years with the most age range is 18-28 years old in the amount of 362 subjects (42.7%) and onset age is dominated by age range 11-21 years old in the amount of 230 subjects (27.2%). The most sex is male with 441 subjects (52.1%). The most educational background is senior high school graduates with 483 subjects (57.0%). The most work status is employed with 435 subjects (51.4%). The most health facility is at Hospital Type A with 278 subjects (32.8%). The most illness duration is ≤ 5 years with 617 subjects (72.9%). The most dominated by generalized seizure patient with 495 subjects (58.4%). OAB type is valproate acid in the amount of 222 subjects (26.2%) and polytherapy with total subjects 474 (56.0%). The most ethiology is idopatic with 671 subjcets (79.2%). The most EEG description is abnormal with total subjects 663 (78.3%), 508 subjects (59.9%) did not conduct imaging examination.Conclusion: The prevalence of epilepsy patients in Medan from 2015 -2020 period was 847 and dominated by the young adult group and men. Mostly were high school graduates and working. Most patients were found in type A hospital, were idiopathic, suffered a generalized seizures, were treated with polytherapy, and mostly consumed valproic acid. Most patients had abnormal EEG images and didn't do any imaging.