The characteristics of environmental particulate matter in the urban area of Beijing, China, during the 2008 Olympic Games

Qiao, Q. Y.; Huang, Baochun; Piper, J. D. A.; Biggin, Andrew J.; Zhang, Chunxia

doi:10.1016/j.apr.2016.08.003

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…(2017a) also found potential sources in central Inner Mongolia corresponding to a WPSCF of >0.8. Qiao et al. (2017) reported that the airflow from southern Hebei Province and western Shandong Province exerted the most significant external influence on the air quality in Beijing during the 2008 Olympics, which was generally consistent with our results for Beijing during the second pollution episode.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT), potential source contribution function (PSCF), and concentration weighted trajectory (CWT) models have been extensively applied to investigate the regional transport pathways of air masses and source distribution during summer, winter, and pollution episodes ( Ding et al., 2017 ; Li et al., 2017b ; Hui et al., 2019 ; Xiong and Du, 2020 ). Studies have investigated the pollution source distributions corresponding to the Summer Olympic Games, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), and Grand Military Parade held in August 2008, November 2014, and September 2015, respectively, in Beijing ( Liu et al., 2016 ; Qiao et al., 2017 ). Unconventional and stringent emission reduction measures were also implemented by Chinese government to achieve “Olympic blue”, “APEC blue”, and “Parade blue”.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Air pollution episodes during the COVID-19 outbreak in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region of China: An insight into the transport pathways and source distribution

Zhao

Gang

et al. 2020

Environmental Pollution

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Although anthropogenic emissions decreased, polluted days still occurred in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region during the initial outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Analysis of the characteristics and source distribution of large-scale air pollution episodes during the COVID-19 outbreak (from 23 January to April 8, 2020) in the BTH region is helpful for exploring the efficacy of control measures and policy making. The results indicated that the BTH region suffered two large-scale air pollution episodes (23–28 January and 8–13 February), which were characterized by elevated PM 2.5 , SO 2 , NO 2 , and CO concentrations, while the O 3 concentration decreased by 1.5%–33.9% (except in Shijiazhuang, where it increased by 16.6% during the second episode). These large-scale air pollution episodes were dominated by unfavorable meteorological conditions comprising a low wind speed and increased relative humidity. The transport pathways and source distribution were explored using the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT), potential source contribution function (PSCF), and concentration weighted trajectory (CWT) models. The air pollution in the BTH region was mainly affected by local emission sources during the first episode, which contributed 51.6%–60.6% of the total trajectories in the BTH region with a PM 2.5 concentration ranging from 146.2 μg/m 3 to 196.7 μg/m 3 . The short-distance air masses from the southern and southwestern areas of the BTH region were the main transport pathways of airflow arriving in the BTH region during the second episode. These contributed 51.9%–57.9% of the total trajectories and originated in Hebei, Henan, central Shanxi, and Shaanxi provinces, which were the areas contributing the most to the PM 2.5 level and exhibited the highest PSCF and CWT values. Therefore, on the basis of local emission reduction, enhancing regional environmental cooperation and implementing a united prevention and control of air pollution are effective mitigation measures for the BTH region.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air pollution episodes during the COVID-19 outbreak in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region of China: An insight into the transport pathways and source distribution

Zhao

Gang

et al. 2020

Environmental Pollution

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“…Nevertheless, the formation of nitrate is generally dominated by three pathways. Under ammonia-rich conditions, nitrate is mainly formed via the reaction of gaseous HNO 3 or nitric acid in droplets; however, in ammonia-poor environments, the heterogeneous hydrolysis of N 2 O 5 on aerosol surfaces dominates (Schryer, 1982;Pathak et al, 2009;Russell et al, 1986;Richards, 1983); this pathway primarily occurs at night under high relative humidity (RH) and low temperature conditions (Lin et al, 2006). During the daytime, NO x reacts with hydroxyl radicals to produce nitric and nitrous acids via complex photochemical reactions (Khoder, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Counteractive effects of regional transport and emission control on the formation of fine particles: a case study during the Hangzhou G20 summit

Qin

Wang

et al. 2018

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. To evaluate the effect of temporary emission control measures on air quality during the 2016 G20 summit held in Hangzhou, China, an intensive field campaign was conducted with a focus on aerosol chemistry and gaseous precursors from 15 August to 12 September 2016. The concentrations of fine particles were reduced during the intense emission control stages, with the reduction of carbonaceous matter being mostly responsible for this observed decrease. This, in turn, was mainly ascribed to the decrease of secondary organic aerosols via the suppression of daytime peak secondary organic carbon (SOC)formation. Although the regional joint control was enacted extending to the Yangtze River Delta region, the effect of long-range transport on the air quality of Hangzhou was ubiquitous. Unexpectedly high NOx concentrations were observed during the control stage, when the strictest restriction on vehicles was implemented, owing to contributions from upstream populous regions such as Jiangsu and Shandong provinces. In addition, the continental outflow traveling over the ocean triggered a short pollution episode on the first day of the G20 summit, resulting in a significant enhancement of the nitrogen/sulfur oxidation rates. In the wake of the summit, all air pollutants evidently rebounded after the various control measures were lifted. Overall, the fraction of secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA; in this case sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium aerosols – SNA) in PM2.5 increased as relative humidity increased; however, the overall concentration of PM2.5 did not increase. Aerosol components that had distinctly different sources and formation mechanisms, e.g., sulfate/nitrate and elemental carbon, exclusively showed strong correlations during the regional/long-range transport episodes. The sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium to elemental carbon (SNA∕EC) ratio, which was used as a proxy for assessing the extent of secondary inorganic aerosol formation, was found to be significantly enhanced under transport conditions from northern China. This study highlighted that emission control strategies were beneficial for curbing particulate pollution, in addition to the fact that regional/long-range transport may offset local emission control effects to some extent.

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“…In order to identify pathways and sources of air pollution, statistical methods such as trajectory clustering have been used (e.g., Ashbaugh, 1983;Sirois and Bottenheim, 1995;Borge et al, 2007). Qiao et al (2017) applied a statistical clustering technique to a 5-month dataset of atmospheric trajectories to identify the particulate matter sources and long-range transport patterns that can influence air pollution in Beijing, China during the 2008 Olympic games. Before and during the Olympic games a series of measures were implemented; for example, the relocation of industrial plants with large emissions outside of the city or the introduction of new standards to reduce vehicular emission and use.…”

Section: Future Of Magnetic Studies On Anthropogenic Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Before and during the Olympic games a series of measures were implemented; for example, the relocation of industrial plants with large emissions outside of the city or the introduction of new standards to reduce vehicular emission and use. Several 3-day back-trajectories 500 m above ground level arriving at Beijing were calculated, which identified five clusters outside of Beijing (Qiao et al, 2017). These kinds of methods, together with biomonitoring campaigns along the trajectories, have great potential to identify sources of heavy contamination and their pathways.…”

Section: Future Of Magnetic Studies On Anthropogenic Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2020

BOL. SOC. GEOL. MEX.

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The characteristics of environmental particulate matter in the urban area of Beijing, China, during the 2008 Olympic Games

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

Air pollution episodes during the COVID-19 outbreak in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region of China: An insight into the transport pathways and source distribution

Air pollution episodes during the COVID-19 outbreak in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region of China: An insight into the transport pathways and source distribution

Counteractive effects of regional transport and emission control on the formation of fine particles: a case study during the Hangzhou G20 summit

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