The characteristics and potential applications of structural lipid droplet proteins in plants

Laibach, Natalie; Post, Janina; Twyman, Richard M.; Gronover, Christian Schulze; Prüfer, Dirk

doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.08.020

Cited by 38 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 174 publications

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“…(Aubert et al, 2010). Caleosin families were thus named because they possess calcium-binding sites comprised of a helix-loop-helix EF-hand motif (Laibach et al, 2015). Because calcium is a critical factor in the stresssignaling pathway, LD-associated caleosins participate in plant stress responses in addition to their structural role in LDs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arabidopsis Small Rubber Particle Protein Homolog SRPs Play Dual Roles as Positive Factors for Tissue Growth and Development and in Drought Stress Responses

et al. 2016

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Lipid droplets (LDs) act as repositories for fatty acids and sterols, which are used for various cellular processes such as energy production and membrane and hormone synthesis. LD-associated proteins play important roles in seed development and germination, but their functions in postgermination growth are not well understood. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) contains three SRP homologs (SRP1, SRP2, and SRP3) that share sequence identities with small rubber particle proteins of the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis). In this report, the possible cellular roles of SRPs in postgermination growth and the drought tolerance response were investigated. Arabidopsis SRPs appeared to be LD-associated proteins and displayed polymerization properties in vivo and in vitro. SRP-overexpressing transgenic Arabidopsis plants (35S:SRP1, 35S:SRP2, and 35S:SRP3) exhibited higher vegetative and reproductive growth and markedly better tolerance to drought stress than wild-type Arabidopsis. In addition, constitutive over-expression of SRPs resulted in increased numbers of large LDs in postgermination seedlings. In contrast, single (srp1, 35S:SRP2-RNAi, and srp3) and triple (35S:SRP2-RNAi/srp1srp3) loss-of-function mutant lines exhibited the opposite phenotypes. Our results suggest that Arabidopsis SRPs play dual roles as positive factors in postgermination growth and the drought stress tolerance response. The possible relationships between LD-associated proteins and the drought stress response are discussed.Environmental stresses, including drought, high salinity, oxidative stress, and unfavorable temperatures, profoundly affect the growth and development of higher plants. Because of their sessile life cycle, plants have developed self-protective mechanisms to increase their tolerance to short-and long-term stresses by triggering diverse sets of signal transduction pathways and activating stress-responsive genes. The genetic and cellular mechanisms in response to abiotic stress have been widely documented in higher plants (Shinozaki and

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arabidopsis Small Rubber Particle Protein Homolog SRPs Play Dual Roles as Positive Factors for Tissue Growth and Development and in Drought Stress Responses

et al. 2016

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“…Numerous plants, insects and microbes synthesize substantial quantities of hydrocarbons such as alkanes, alkenes, and isoprenoids [42-45]. These neutral lipids are likely to partition into the droplet core, although this has only been shown thus far in a few cases [42, 46].…”

Section: 11 What's Inside a Lipid Droplet?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These neutral lipids are likely to partition into the droplet core, although this has only been shown thus far in a few cases [42, 46]. For the hydrocarbon precursor of cholesterol, squalene, it has been shown in yeast that its sequestration in LDs is essential for preventing toxicity [47].…”

Section: 11 What's Inside a Lipid Droplet?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid droplet functions beyond energy storage

Welte

Gould

2017

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biolog

442

358

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Lipid droplets are cytoplasmic organelles that store neutral lipids and are critically important for energy metabolism. Their function in energy storage is firmly established and increasingly well characterized. However, emerging evidence indicates that lipid droplets also play important and diverse roles in the cellular handling of lipids and proteins that may not be directly related to energy homeostasis. Lipid handling roles of droplets include the storage of hydrophobic vitamin and signaling precursors, and the management of endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress. Roles of lipid droplets in protein handling encompass functions in the maturation, storage, and turnover of cellular and viral polypeptides. Other potential roles of lipid droplets may be connected with their intracellular motility and, in some cases, their nuclear localization. This diversity highlights that lipid droplets are very adaptable organelles, performing different functions in different biological contexts.

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“…In plants, the best characterized LD-associated protein is oleosin, which is the most abundant protein on LDs in oilseeds, where LDs accumulate during seed development and then are mobilized following germination in order to provide carbon and energy for seedling growth (Huang, 1996;Siloto et al, 2006;Miquel et al, 2014;Deruyffelaere et al, 2015;Laibach et al, 2015). Oleosins are small, hydrophobic proteins that initially insert cotranslationally into the ER membrane (Beaudoin and Napier, 2002), where, analogous to perilipins, they are thought to help promote the formation of nascent LDs via budding from the ER's outer leaflet, possibly by partitioning neutral lipids within the ER bilayer (Jacquier et al, 2013) and/or aiding in stabilizing the curvature of the ER membrane (Roux et al, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Lipid Droplet-Associated Proteins (LDAPs) Are Required for the Dynamic Regulation of Neutral Lipid Compartmentation in Plant Cells

et al. 2016

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Eukaryotic cells compartmentalize neutral lipids into organelles called lipid droplets (LDs), and while much is known about the role of LDs in storing triacylglycerols in seeds, their biogenesis and function in nonseed tissues are poorly understood. Recently, we identified a class of plant-specific, lipid droplet-associated proteins (LDAPs) that are abundant components of LDs in nonseed cell types. Here, we characterized the three LDAPs in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) to gain insight to their targeting, assembly, and influence on LD function and dynamics. While all three LDAPs targeted specifically to the LD surface, truncation analysis of LDAP3 revealed that essentially the entire protein was required for LD localization. The association of LDAP3 with LDs was detergent sensitive, but the protein bound with similar affinity to synthetic liposomes of various phospholipid compositions, suggesting that other factors contributed to targeting specificity. Investigation of LD dynamics in leaves revealed that LD abundance was modulated during the diurnal cycle, and characterization of LDAP misexpression mutants indicated that all three LDAPs were important for this process. LD abundance was increased significantly during abiotic stress, and characterization of mutant lines revealed that LDAP1 and LDAP3 were required for the proper induction of LDs during heat and cold temperature stress, respectively. Furthermore, LDAP1 was required for proper neutral lipid compartmentalization and triacylglycerol degradation during postgerminative growth. Taken together, these studies reveal that LDAPs are required for the maintenance and regulation of LDs in plant cells and perform nonredundant functions in various physiological contexts, including stress response and postgerminative growth.

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The characteristics and potential applications of structural lipid droplet proteins in plants

Cited by 38 publications

References 174 publications

Arabidopsis Small Rubber Particle Protein Homolog SRPs Play Dual Roles as Positive Factors for Tissue Growth and Development and in Drought Stress Responses

Arabidopsis Small Rubber Particle Protein Homolog SRPs Play Dual Roles as Positive Factors for Tissue Growth and Development and in Drought Stress Responses

Lipid droplet functions beyond energy storage

Lipid Droplet-Associated Proteins (LDAPs) Are Required for the Dynamic Regulation of Neutral Lipid Compartmentation in Plant Cells

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