“…The empirical evidence in favor of chaos in the exchange rate is not very strong. Sometimes chaos has been detected in the data (see Bajo-Rubio et al 1992;De Grauwe et al 1993;Chen, 1999;Bask, 2002;Brzozowska-Rup and Orlowski, 2004;Weston, 2007;Torkamani et al, 2007;Das and Das, 2007;Mishra, 2011), but most often no such dynamics has been found (Brooks, 1998;Guillaume, 2000;Federici and Gandolfo, 2002;Serletis and Shahmoradi, 2004;Vandrovych, 2005;Resende and Zeidan, 2008;Adrangi et al, 2010). In general, the empirical evidence for chaotic dynamics in economic time series is very fragile.…”