The changing role of NGOs in rural Chile after democracy

NGOs, civil society and democratization: a critical review of the literature

“…A recurring theme in the literature is the important role played by the NGO sector in democratic transitions and democratic consolidation in a number of countries, particularly across Latin America, and specifically in Chile and Brazil. In Chile, NGOs played a vital role in opposing the Pinochet regime throughout the late 1970s and 1980s, and, while their role has undergone some degree of change since the early 1990s (Bebbington, 1997;Lambrou, 1997), several authors have nevertheless heralded them as among the key political actors before, during and after the democratic transition (Hojman, 1993;Diamond et al, 1995;Lambrou, 1997;Clarke, 1998a, b;Fisher, 1998). Similarly, in Brazil, commentators have suggested that from the late 1970s Brazilian NGOs were 'important players in the groundswell of civil society forces pressing for political amnesty and opening' (Garrison, 2000: 10;also Landim, 1993;Fisher, 1998).…”

“…It has been noted that some governments direct social funds towards social welfare provision for politically sensitive groups, in order to minimize opposition to the state (see Gideon, 1998, on Latin America andGray, 1999, on Vietnam). It is quite clear from the NGO literature that the impact of the state social funds has been felt nowhere more strongly than across Latin America (Bebbington, 1997;Lambrou, 1997;Miraftab, 1997;Pearce, 1997;Gideon, 1998). Formerly authoritarian states have given way to a set of open civilian governments keen (in rhetorical terms, at least) to build alliances with civil society and NGOs.…”

«Пирожки Для Бабушки»: Критический Взгляд На проектное Мышление НКО

“…Во-вторых, взаимодействие с другими организациями формирует профессиональное сообщество, ценностно и идентичностью отдельное от получателей социальной поддержки (Rodriguez 2007). Некоторые исследователи даже сравнивают проектную трансформацию организационной логики с «болезнью»: «projectitis», «проектит» (Nimu 2018;Schade 2005;Lambrou 1997). Горизонт планирования «заболевших» организаций сужается до краткосрочной перспективы, социальная поддержка оценивается с точки зрения возможности «повысить осведомленность» (raising awareness) о проблеме у широкой общественности, чтобы обратить внимание заинтересованных сторон (outreaching stakeholders) и обеспечить «усточивость» социальной поддержки (sustainability).…”

NGOs, Turnout, and the Left

“…An equally compelling literature reaches the opposite conclusion: NGOs are agents of political mobilization and change. Early studies on NGOs and democratization represent the bulk of work extolling the virtues of NGOs and how they raised the level of civil society to challenge authoritarian regimes (Diamond, 1994;Hojman, 1993;Lambrou, 1997;Silliman & Noble, 1998). A key component of this work is the conceptualization of NGOs as mobilizers of previously excluded groups.…”

“…NGOs were seen as important actors in expanding the number of voices and interests in the process of democratization, organizing pro-democracy interests that had not yet been heard: students, women's groups, farmers, unions, religious groups, the media, and human rights organizations (Diamond, 1994). Even after the initial transfer of power from military to civilian rule had been accomplished, these new groups continued to fulfill important roles in the new democracies (Lambrou, 1997). Much of the work pointing to the impact NGOs had on democratization came from first-hand observations of the democratization process and the role these organizations played in it.…”