The changing pattern of antimicrobial resistance within 42 033 Escherichia coli isolates from nosocomial, community and urology patient‐specific urinary tract infections, Dublin, 1999–2009

Abstract

What ' s known on the subject? and What does the study add? Epidemiological and resistance patterns of bacterial pathogens in urinary tract infections show large inter-regional variability, and rates of bacterial resistance are continually changing due to different regional antibiotic treatment regime. In Ireland and the UK, trimethoprim or nitrofurantoin is usually recommended for empirical treatment of uncomplicated cystitis in the community whilst parenteral cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, quinolones and co-amoxyclav are reserved for complicated UTIs.

Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing by Sensitive Detection of Precursor rRNA Using a Novel Electrochemical Biosensing Platform

“…Empirical antibiotics for bacteremia are typically broad-spectrum to treat a wide variety of possible bacterial pathogens. This approach is especially problematic in the management of complex urinary tract infections where quinolone resistance rates are typically 20 to 30% (16). In addition, overuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics contributes to the emergence of antibiotic resistance by applying selective pressure to the patient's flora and favoring colonization by resistant organisms.…”

Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infections in Children

“…A large U.S. study of outpatient urinary isolates of E. coli (n ϭ 759,749, largely adults) showed a rise in resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanate of only 0.3% between 2000 and 2010 (40). Similarly, a large Irish study showed a 0.06% reduction in E. coli susceptibility to AMC in community UTIs (including children) between 1999 and 2009 (41).…”

Perfil epidemiológico da infecção nosocomial do trato urinário em hospital universitário de Campina Grande (PB)

“…A elevada proporção de ITU nosocomial (ITUN) está intimamente associada ao uso de cateter vesical, principal fator de risco. Esse dispositivo remove os mecanismos de defesa intrínse-cos do hospedeiro, tais como a micção e o eficiente esvaziamento da bexiga, favorecendo a colonização de microrganismos nas vias urinárias 1 . A aquisição de ITUN aumenta tanto o risco de mortalidade quanto o tempo e o custo da internação hospitalar esperada para a doença subjacente 1 .…”

“…Esse dispositivo remove os mecanismos de defesa intrínse-cos do hospedeiro, tais como a micção e o eficiente esvaziamento da bexiga, favorecendo a colonização de microrganismos nas vias urinárias 1 . A aquisição de ITUN aumenta tanto o risco de mortalidade quanto o tempo e o custo da internação hospitalar esperada para a doença subjacente 1 . Embora a Escherichia coli permaneça como principal microrganismo envolvido 2 , a etiologia das ITUs nosocomiais, assim como a suscetibilidade antimicrobiana dos uropatógenos, vem mudando ao longo dos anos 3 .…”