The changing nature of the active site of Cu-Zn-Zr catalysts for the CO2 hydrogenation reaction to methanol

Influence of niobium on carbon nanofibres based Cu/ZrO 2 catalysts for liquid phase hydrogenation of CO 2 to methanol

“…Then N 2 O gas was introduced for 1 h. Residual N 2 O was flushed out by He flow for 1 h. Finally, the samples were reduced for the second time at 500 • C. Surface area and dispersion of Cu were measured by assuming 1.46 × 10 19 Cu at /m 2 surface atomic density and Cu:N 2 O = 2 stoichiometry, respectively. Average particle size (d Cu ) was obtained by a relationship displayed as follows [3,18,19].…”

Performance of CuO–ZnO–ZrO2 and CuO–ZnO–MnO as metallic functions and SAPO-18 as acid function of the catalyst for the synthesis of DME co-feeding CO2

“…The presence of ZrO 2 in the metallic function improves the stability of Cu δ+ sites in the CuO-ZnO function during the methanol synthesis step [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. Frusteri et al attribute to ZrO 2 the capacity of activating the adsorbed CO 2 to CO 2 *, which reacts with H 2 * species forming an intermediate species (i.e., formate/dioxo-methylene/methoxy) of the methanol formation by hydrogenation [38].…”

Catalytic Hydrogenation of CO2 to Methanol: Study of Synergistic Effect on Adsorption Properties of CO2 and H2 in CuO/ZnO/ZrO2 System

“…Additionally, the composition, texture of catalysts, and dispersion of metal and oxide phases on the catalysts are also greatly associated with their activities, which can be obtained using a variety of preparation methods [16,23,[27][28][29][30][31] Arena et al [16,21,28,32] used reverse co-precipitation under ultrasound irradiation to obtain a series of Cu-ZnO/ZrO2 catalysts with a remarkable total surface area and high dispersion. Deng et al [7,12] and Bonura et al [32] adopted the oxalate-co-precipitated technique to enhance the catalyst activity, whereas Guo et al [29,33] found that the combustion method was a simple, fast, and valuable route. The citrate method was also an important method for preparing CZZ catalysts investigated by Karelovic et al [34].…”