The Changing Nature of the School-to-Work Transition Process in OECD Countries

Abstract

Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in The Changing Nature of the School-to-Work Transition Process in OECD CountriesGlenda Quintini John P. Martin Sébastien Martin The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit company supported by Deutsche Post World Net. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its research networks, research support, and visitors and doctoral programs. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E SIZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author. ABSTRACTThe Changing Nature of the School-to-Work Transition Process in OECD Countries * Despite the fact that today's young cohorts are smaller in number and better educated than their older counterparts, high youth unemployment remains a serious problem in many OECD countries. This reflects a variety of factors, including the relatively high proportion of young people leaving school without a basic education qualification, the fact that skills acquired in initial education are not always well adapted to labour market requirements, as well as general labour market conditions and problems in the functioning of labour markets. The paper highlights the contrasting trends in youth labour market performance over the past decade using a wide range of indicators. It also presents new evidence on i) the length of transitions from school to work; and ii) the degree to which temporary jobs serve as either traps for young people or stepping-stones to good careers. In addition, the paper reviews some recent policy innovations to improve youth employment prospects.JEL Classification: J13, J21, J24

Making the Labour Market Work Better in Poland

“…Intervening after the student has left school is very costly and the results often disappointing, so it is important to wage this battle earlier, at school (see below). For dropouts, early action is particularly important, and job-search strategies that are based on reciprocal obligations are often found to be the most cost-effective (Quintini et al, 2007). One challenge is to detect early signs of loss of contact with the world of work and to intervene rapidly, because course corrections become complicated when a young person is socially marginalised.…”

“…Training, which is generally less effective in the case of dropouts, must be tailored and calibrated to labour market needs as much as possible. In this area, social-partner involvement may prove beneficial (Quintini et al, 2007). Co-ordination between the PES and educational authorities is crucial to rapid intervention with youths who are in danger of losing their bearings.…”

“…VET has lost some of its attractiveness due to the failure of most schools to modernise their programmes and equipment sufficiently rapidly. Moreover, as shown by the German example, one key aspect lies in the involvement of social partners in VET policy and provision, and in the quality of social dialogue (Quintini et al, 2007 Upper secondary education¹…”

Panorama de la educación 2013: Indicadores de la OCDE

“…También tienen más posibilidades de necesitar asistencia pública, a pesar de que reciben poco o ningún apoyo de los sistemas de asistencia social en la mayoría de los países. En comparación con los grupos de más edad, tienen el doble de posibilidades de dejar de buscar empleo y perder contacto con el mercado laboral (Quintini et al, 2007). …”

Analysis of two degree levels in terms of post-university employability

“…In this framework, it becomes extremely important to understand whether, and how, the university can ease the entrance of graduates into the labour market and which factors determine a higher probability of being employed after graduation (about the transition from school or university to work, see also Brauns et al, 1999, Biggeri et al, 2001, Betts et al, 2000, Couppié and Mansuy, 2003, Eurostat, 2003, Fabbris, 2006, Quintini et al, 2007, Wolbers, 2007, and Garrouste and Loi, 2011. Moreover, following the recent reform, the Italian Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR) requests, by law, the monitoring of the employability of graduates at both levels of graduation so as to understand the adequacy and coherency of university activities and of the reform itself in relationship to labour market requirements and opportunities provided by it (for further information about the employability of graduates in Italy, see also: Chiandotto and Bertacchini, 2003; the effects of the reform were also studied in Bini and Chiandotto, 2003).…”