The changing epidemiology of group B streptococcus bloodstream infection: a multi-national population-based assessment

Ballard, Mark; Schønheyder, Henrik Carl; Knudsen, Jenny Dahl; Lyytikäinen, Outi; Dryden, Matthew; Kennedy, Karina; Valiquette, Louis; Pinholt, Mette; Jacobsson, Gunnar; Laupland, Kevin B.

doi:10.3109/23744235.2015.1131330

Cited by 56 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…As in previous reports (3), diabetes (30.2%) and malignant neoplasia (24.6%) were the most common underlying diseases associated with invasive GBS infection in adults. Among clinical forms of infection, bacteremia without primary focus was predominant, followed by cellulitis and pneumonia, as in previous reports (4,6,20,21). The mortality rate was high in old patients (P ϭ 0.002) and in those with bacteremia without primary focus or pneumonia (P ϭ 0.001).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…The proportion of GBS infections in nonpregnant adults that involve the elderly is increasing worldwide (2,4,6,19). The incidence of invasive disease is approximately 7 cases per 100,000 nonpregnant adults, with the highest incidence among adults 65 years of age and older (20 to 25 cases per 100,000) (3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the United States, the incidence of iGBS disease in adults was found to have doubled, from 3.6 cases per 100,000 population in 1990 to 7.3 cases per 100,000 population in 2007 (4). As iGBS infection is increasing among elderly persons worldwide, especially in developed countries, the prevention and treatment of these infections are growing in importance (2,4,6,7).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Molecular Characteristics of Group B Streptococci Isolated from Adults with Invasive Infections in Japan

et al. 2016

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bStreptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus) isolates (n ‫؍‬ 443) obtained from Japanese adults with invasive infections between April 2010 and March 2013 were analyzed for capsular serotype, multilocus sequence type (ST), antibiotic susceptibility, and resistance genes. Among these cases, bacteremia without primary focus was the most common variety of infection (49.9%), followed by cellulitis (12.9%) and pneumonia (9.0%). Concerning patient age (18 to 59, 60 to 69, 70 to 79, 80 to 89, and 90 years old or older), the incidence of pneumonia increased in patients in their 70s and 80s (P < 0.001), while younger patients (18 to 59 and 60 to 69 years old) were more likely to have abscesses (P < 0.05). The mortality rate was 10.2% for all ages. The most common capsular serotype was Ib (39.5%), followed by V (16.0%), III (13.8%), VI (9.5%), and Ia (8.6%). The main ST of serotype Ib strains was ST10, which belonged to clonal complex 10 (88.0%). The predominant clonal complexes of serotypes V and III, respectively, were 1 (78.9%) and 19 (75.4%). Among these isolates, 9 strains (2.0%) were identified as group B streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility, reflecting amino acid substitutions in penicillin-binding protein 2X (PBP2X). In addition, 19.2% of all strains possessed mef(A/E), erm(A), or erm(B) genes, which mediate macrolide resistance, while 40.2% of strains were resistant to quinolones resulting from amino acid substitutions in GyrA and ParC. Our data argue strongly for the continuous surveillance of microbial characteristics and judicious antibiotic use in clinical practice.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Molecular Characteristics of Group B Streptococci Isolated from Adults with Invasive Infections in Japan

et al. 2016

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“…Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus, GBS) is a well-known pathogen primarily causing infections in newborns and the elderly (Brigtsen et al, 2015; Ballard et al, 2016). The disease in neonates is generally described as occurring in two different varieties (Bulkowstein et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of procedures for typing of group B Streptococcus: a retrospective study

Slotved

Hoffmann

2017

PeerJ

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BackgroundThis study evaluates two procedures for typing of Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococci; GBS) isolates, using retrospective typing data from the period 2010 to 2014 with a commercial latex agglutination test (latex test) and the Lancefield precipitation test (LP test). Furthermore, the genotype distribution of phenotypically non-typable (NT) GBS isolates is presented. We also raise the awareness, that the difference in typing results obtained by phenotypical methods and genotype based methods may have implications on vaccine surveillance in case a GBS vaccine is introduced.MethodsA total of 616 clinical GBS isolates from 2010 to 2014 were tested with both a latex test and the LP test. Among these, 66 isolates were genotyped by PCR, including 41 isolates that were phenotypically NT.ResultsThe latex test provided a serotype for 83.8% of the isolates (95% CI [80.7–86.6]) compared to 87.5% (95% CI [84.6–90.0]) obtained by the LP method. The two assays provided identical capsular identification for all sero-typeable isolates (excluding NT isolates). The PCR assay provided a genotype designation to the 41 isolates defined as phenotypically NT isolates.DiscussionWe found that the latex test showed a slightly lower identification percentage than the LP test. Our recommendation is to use the latex agglutination as the routine primary assay for GBS surveillance, and then use the more labour intensive precipitation test on the NT isolates to increase the serotyping rate. A genotype could be assigned to all the phenotypically NT isolates, however, as a consequence genotyping will overestimate the coverage from possible future capsular polysaccharide based GBS vaccines.

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“…This trend is particularly noticeable in the elderly and in persons with co-morbid conditions ( 7 ). Our results regarding age distribution of patients, mortality rate, and frequencies of different GBS serotypes are in line with results of previous studies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Group B Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome and covR/S Mutations Revisited

Sendi¹,

Hay²,

Brandt³

et al. 2017

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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The changing epidemiology of group B streptococcus bloodstream infection: a multi-national population-based assessment

Cited by 56 publications

References 26 publications

Molecular Characteristics of Group B Streptococci Isolated from Adults with Invasive Infections in Japan

Molecular Characteristics of Group B Streptococci Isolated from Adults with Invasive Infections in Japan

Evaluation of procedures for typing of group B Streptococcus: a retrospective study

Group B Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome and covR/S Mutations Revisited

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