The Changing Color of Welfare? How Whites’ Attitudes toward Latinos Influence Support for Welfare

Fox, Cybelle

doi:10.1086/422587

Cited by 206 publications

(174 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Other work finds little direct evidence of threat from Asian Americans and Hispanics (Cain, Citrin, and Wong 2000;Dixon and Rosenbaum 2004;Taylor 1998;Wong and Drake 2006) or finds threat only under specific economic, political, or spatial conditions (Branton and Jones 2005;Campbell, Wong, and Citrin 2006;Gay 2006;Oliver and Wong 2003). Still other studies have found that living near immigrants or Hispanics can actually reduce negative stereotyping (Fox 2004;Morris 1997, 1998). Threat operates in some cases, but certainly not in all.…”

Section: Beyond Realistic Conflictmentioning

confidence: 99%

Politicized Places: Explaining Where and When Immigrants Provoke Local Opposition

2010

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I n ethnic and racial terms, America is growing rapidly more diverse. Yet attempts to extend racial threat hypotheses to today's immigrants have generated inconsistent results. This article develops the politicized places hypothesis, an alternative that focuses on how national and local conditions interact to construe immigrants as threatening. Hostile political reactions to neighboring immigrants are most likely when communities undergo sudden influxes of immigrants and when salient national rhetoric reinforces the threat. Data from several sources, including twelve geocoded surveys from 1992 to 2009, provide consistent support for this approach. Time-series cross-sectional and panel data allow the analysis to exploit exogenous shifts in salient national issues such as the September 11 attacks, reducing the problem of residential self-selection and other threats to validity. The article also tests the hypothesis using new data on local anti-immigrant policies. By highlighting the interaction of local and national conditions, the politicized places hypothesis can explain both individual attitudes and local political outcomes.

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Section: Beyond Realistic Conflictmentioning

confidence: 99%

Politicized Places: Explaining Where and When Immigrants Provoke Local Opposition

2010

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“…Scholarship on the American case reveals a negative relationship between racial and ethnic heterogeneity and welfare attitudes. Studies consistently show that diversity undermines support for social welfare (Fox 2004;Gilens 1999;Luttmer 2001). Related research finds a negative relationship between ethnoracial heterogeneity and social expenditure Easterly 1999, 2000;Hero 1998).…”

Section: Immigration and Welfare Attitudesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immigration or Welfare? The Progressive’s Dilemma Revisited

Kulin

Eger

Hjerm

2016

Socius

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Previous cross-national research on the link between immigration and the welfare state has focused exclusively on the relationship between the size of a country's foreign-born population and support for redistribution, neglecting that people vary in their responses to immigration. In this article, the authors revisit the progressive's dilemma by testing its theoretical proposition-that immigration and welfare are incompatible-in two novel ways. First, the authors conduct an individual-level analysis that demonstrates that, for most Europeans, supporting both immigration and welfare is unlikely. Second, the authors assess whether country-level immigration is associated with the salience of different immigration-welfare attitudes but find little evidence that immigration measured at the country level produces the most exclusive attitudes.

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“…The "threat" hypothesis (Blalock 1967;Key 1949) suggests that the higher the percentage of nonwhites, the greater the support for more punitive policies. The "contact" hypothesis (Alport 1954;Fox 2004) indicates that the higher the percentage of nonwhites, the lower the support for punitive policies. There are also possible effects from an increased proportion of the population nonwhite enhancing minority political power (Keech [1968(Keech [ ] 1981.…”

Section: Figure 1 Predicted Probabilities By Race and Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciding to Discipline: Race, Choice, and Punishment at the Frontlines of Welfare Reform

et al. 2009

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Welfare sanctions are financial penalties applied to individuals who fail to comply with welfare program rules. Their widespread use reflects a turn toward disciplinary approaches to poverty management. In this article, we investigate how implicit racial biases and discrediting social markers interact to shape officials' decisions to impose sanctions. We present experimental evidence based on hypothetical vignettes that case managers are more likely to recommend sanctions for Latina and black clients—but not white clients—when discrediting markers are present. We triangulate these findings with analyses of state administrative data. Our results for Latinas are mixed, but we find consistent evidence that the probability of a sanction rises significantly when a discrediting marker (i.e., a prior sanction for noncompliance) is attached to a black rather than a white welfare client. Overall, our study clarifies how racial minorities, especially African Americans, are more likely to be punished for deviant behavior in the new world of disciplinary welfare provision.

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The Changing Color of Welfare? How Whites’ Attitudes toward Latinos Influence Support for Welfare

Cited by 206 publications

References 35 publications

Politicized Places: Explaining Where and When Immigrants Provoke Local Opposition

Politicized Places: Explaining Where and When Immigrants Provoke Local Opposition

Immigration or Welfare? The Progressive’s Dilemma Revisited

Deciding to Discipline: Race, Choice, and Punishment at the Frontlines of Welfare Reform

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