The Changes in Microbiotic Composition of Different Intestinal Tracts and the Effects of Supplemented Lactobacillus During the Formation of Goose Fatty Liver

Abstract

Intestinal bacteria play an important role in the formation of fatty liver in animals by participating in the digestion and degradation of nutrients, producing various metabolites, and altering the barrier effect of the intestine. However, changes in the gut microbiota during the formation of goose fatty liver are unclear. In this study, 80 healthy Landes geese with similar body weights at 70 days of age were randomly divided into two groups: the control group (n = 48; fed ad libitum) and the overfeeding group (n = 32; overfed). The intestinal contents were collected at 0, 12, and 24 days of overfeeding. The 16S rRNA and metagenomic sequencing analyses showed that the dominant phyla were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria. At the genus level, Phyllobacterium, Bacteroides, Helicobacter, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, and Romboutsia were the dominant genera in the goose intestine, and most of them were probiotics. In the control group, the relative abundance of Firmicutes in the jejunum and ileum gradually decreased with time, while that of Proteobacteria increased, whereas in the overfeeding group, the relative abundance of Firmicutes in the jejunum and ileum decreased and then increased with time, while that of Proteobacteria showed an opposite trend. In addition, supplementing Lactobacillus to the diet reduced body weight and fatty liver weight in overfed geese, but increased the weight of abdominal fat, suggesting that Lactobacillus supplementation might affect the transport of nascent fat from the liver to abdominal fat. In conclusion, the species of intestinal-dominant bacteria in the geese are relatively stable, but their relative abundance and function are affected by a number of factors. Overfeeding promotes the metabolism of nutrients in the jejunum and ileum and increases bacterial adaptability to environmental changes by enhancing their ability to process environmental and genetic information more efficiently. These findings suggest that the effect of overfeeding on the composition of intestinal microbiota may indirectly influence the formation of goose fatty liver through the gut/liver axis.

Dietary Palygorskite-Based Antibacterial Agent Supplementation as an Alternative to Antibiotics Improves Growth Performance, Blood Parameters, and Rumen Microbiota in Sheep

“…In the present study, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes dominated the rumen microbiome of all groups, which is consistent with the results of previous studies conducted on sheep [46,53]. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes play a major role in the metabolism, digestion, and absorption of proteins and starch [54,55]. The relative abundances of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were not affected by the supplementation with PAA.…”

Dietary Palygorskite-based Antibacterial Agent Supplementation as an Alternative to Antibiotics Improves Growth Performance, Blood Parameters and Rumen Microbiota in Sheep

“…In the present study, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes dominated the rumen microbiome of all groups, which is consistent with the results of previous studies conducted on sheep [45,55]. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes play major roles in the metabolism, digestion, and absorption of proteins and starch [56,57]. The relative abundances of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were not affected by the supplementation with PAA.…”