The challenges of research participation by children

Bloomfield, Frank H.

doi:10.1038/pr.2015.75

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Developing research in vulnerable populations, such as pediatrics, is a challenging task. This can be seen in the fact that 70–90% of the drugs prescribed for this population are used off-label, showing that the lack of data derived from research in children is not limited to the subject of pediatric regional anesthesia but extends to all areas of medicine [ 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical Studies Evaluating Pediatric Regional Anesthesia: A Scoping Review

Pereira,

Carlos,

van Schoor

et al. 2024

Children

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Pediatric regional anesthesia has been driven by the gradual rise in the adoption of opioid-sparing strategies and the growing concern over the possible adverse effects of general anesthetics on neurodevelopment. Nonetheless, performing regional anesthesia studies in a pediatric population is challenging and accounts for the scarce evidence. This study aimed to review the scientific foundation of studies in cadavers to assess regional anesthesia techniques in children. Methods: We searched the following databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science. We included anatomical cadaver studies assessing peripheral nerve blocks in children. The core data collected from studies were included in tables and comprised block type, block evaluation, results, and conclusion. Results: The search identified 2409 studies, of which, 16 were anatomical studies on the pediatric population. The techniques evaluated were the erector spinae plane block, ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block, sciatic nerve block, maxillary nerve block, paravertebral block, femoral nerve block, radial nerve block, greater occipital nerve block, infraclavicular brachial plexus block, and infraorbital nerve block. Conclusion: Regional anesthesia techniques are commonly performed in children, but the lack of anatomical studies may result in reservations regarding the dispersion and absorption of local anesthetics. Further anatomical research on pediatric regional anesthesia may guide the practice.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical Studies Evaluating Pediatric Regional Anesthesia: A Scoping Review

Pereira,

Carlos,

van Schoor

et al. 2024

Children

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Despite this increasing ability to comprehend research enrollment and participation, a recent review found that only nine of 52 studies on randomized clinical trial enrollment reported patient preferences alongside those of parents [20]. As multiple authors and agencies have asserted, “children should not be either burdened or excluded from participation in research” [18,20,21,22]. Legally, children under the age of 18 years cannot consent to treatment unless there are specific extenuating circumstances (i.e., the adolescent is a legally emancipated minor) [23]; however, children under the age of 18 should be asked to provide assent—especially for research procedures that do not offer direct benefits to the child [24].…”

Section: Children With Cancer: Illness Experiencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Legally, children under the age of 18 years cannot consent to treatment unless there are specific extenuating circumstances (i.e., the adolescent is a legally emancipated minor) [23]; however, children under the age of 18 should be asked to provide assent—especially for research procedures that do not offer direct benefits to the child [24]. As these decisions are often made by weighing the potential risks and benefits of participation [21], and participation directly involves and impacts the child or adolescent, it is essential that providers and researchers utilize age-appropriate, context-specific, and child-centered techniques for recruitment, informed consent/assent, and data collection as discussed in more detail below [14].…”

Section: Children With Cancer: Illness Experiencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Researching the Experiences of Children with Cancer: Considerations for Practice

Boles

Daniels

2019

Children

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Children and adolescents with cancer often participate in medical and psychosocial research throughout their diagnosis and treatment. Furthermore, this involvement frequently extends into the survivorship period. Sometimes referred to as “doubly vulnerable” research participants, children and adolescents with cancer are not only minors, but also minors facing significant medical, developmental, and psychosocial stressors associated with chronic illness. Thus, it is important to exercise care in designing and conducting research with this population; however, these considerations have not been adequately addressed in pediatric healthcare literature. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to describe the research preferences and experiences of children and adolescents with cancer to identify techniques for supporting this population as research participants. By incorporating developmentally appropriate, context-specific, and child-centered adjustments, researchers can help children and adolescents with cancer effectively and meaningfully describe their illness experiences while also developing a positive outlook on future research participation.

show abstract

“…Children are considered a vulnerable population, increasing the challenges of recruitment for clinical trials. 1 The main challenge is ethical, mostly due to a child's incapability to consent to be submitted to a clinical trial. Also, physiological development makes the child more susceptible and with a higher risk for long-term harm and changes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%