The Challenges and Advances in Diagnosis of Vector-Borne Diseases: Where Do We Stand?

Kuleš, Josipa; Potocnakova, Lenka; Bhide, Katarína; Tomassone, Laura; Fuehrer, Hans‐Peter; Horvatić, Anita; Galán, Asier; Guillemin, Nicolas; Nižić, Petra; Mrljak, Vladimir; Bhide, Mangesh

doi:10.1089/vbz.2016.2074

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…Microscopy is still one of the well-established, low-cost direct methods for the identifi cation of vector-borne pathogens and the method of choice for blood parasites such as Babesia or Plasmodium [167]. Microscopy examination is the most simple and most accessible diagnostic test for clinical babesiosis in dogs, requiring a well prepared and suitably stained blood smear together with a trained observer.…”

Section: Microscopy Examination Of a Blood Smearmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine Babesiosis: Where Do We Stand?

et al. 2018

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Canine babesiosis is a tick-borne disease caused by protozoal haemoparasites of different Babesia species. Babesiosis is one of the most important globally extended and quickly spreading tick-borne infections of dogs. This comprehensive review gives an in-depth overview of Babesia species currently identifi ed in dogs together with relevant vector tick species and their geographical distribution, life cycle and transmission of parasite. The main mechanisms in the pathogenesis of babesiosis are described and elucidated by recent literature overview. As Babesia infection causes a disease with very variable clinical manifestations, special attention is given to clinical signs, laboratory features and clinicopathological fi ndings. The diagnosis of canine babesiosis by microscopy, serological and molecular methods is reviewed, together with recent advances in mass spectrometry based assays. Accurate detection and species recognition are important for the selection of the appropriate therapy, monitoring and prediction of the outcome of the disease. Finally, guidelines for the treatment and prevention of canine babesiosis are given.

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Section: Microscopy Examination Of a Blood Smearmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine Babesiosis: Where Do We Stand?

et al. 2018

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“…Vector Borne Diseases (VBDs) are emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, that pose a health threat to humans, livestock, companion animals and wildlife [ 1 ]. VBDs are a global burden and cause severe economic losses through high mortality rates and production declines in the livestock industry, as well as impacts on human and animal health [ 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple vector-borne pathogens of domestic animals in Egypt

et al. 2021

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Vector Borne Diseases (VBDs) are considered emerging and re-emerging diseases that represent a global burden. The aim of this study was to explore and characterize vector-borne pathogens in different domestic animal hosts in Egypt. A total of 557 blood samples were collected from different animals using a convenience sampling strategy (203 dogs, 149 camels, 88 cattle, 26 buffaloes, 58 sheep and 33 goats). All samples were tested for multiple pathogens using quantitative PCR and standard PCR coupled with sequencing. We identified Theileria annulata and Babesia bigemina in cattle (15.9 and 1.1%, respectively), T. ovis in sheep and buffaloes (8.6 and 7.7%, respectively) and Ba. canis in dogs (0.5%) as well as Anaplasma marginale in cattle, sheep and camels (20.4, 3.4 and 0.7%, respectively) and Coxiella burnetii in sheep and goats (1.7 and 3%; respectively). New genotypes of An. centrale, An. ovis, An. platys-like and Borrelia theileri were found in cattle (1.1,3.4, 3.4 and 3.4%, respectively), An. platys-like in buffaloes (7.7%), An. marginale, An. ovis, An. platys-like and Bo. theileri in sheep (3.4, 1.7, 1.7 and 3.4%, respectively), An. platys, An. platys-like and Setaria digitata in camels (0.7, 5.4 and 0.7%, respectively) and Rickettsia africae-like, An. platys, Dirofilaria repens and Acanthocheilonema reconditum in dogs (1.5, 3.4, 1 and 0.5%, respectively). Co-infections were found in cattle, sheep and dogs (5.7, 1.7, 0.5%, respectively). For the first time, we have demonstrated the presence of several vector-borne zoonoses in the blood of domestic animals in Egypt. Dogs and ruminants seem to play a significant role in the epidemiological cycle of VBDs.

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“…2019). However, it should be kept in mind that detection of DNA does not necessarily indicate that viable pathogens are present, and false-positive results may be obtained after successful treatment (Kuleš et al 2017). Adaptations of the real-time qPCR method include digital PCR (dPCR), which allows detection and quantification of rare target sequences by partitioning the sample into many parallel PCR reactions, thus improving test sensitivity.…”

Section: Direct Detection Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, real-time qPCR allows quantification by the gene copy numbers of the given pathogen or cycle threshold (Ct) values and can therefore also be useful for monitoring the course of infection (Che et al 2019 ). However, it should be kept in mind that detection of DNA does not necessarily indicate that viable pathogens are present, and false-positive results may be obtained after successful treatment (Kuleš et al 2017 ).…”

Section: Commonly Used Diagnostic Methods For Tbds In Human and Veterinary Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

Tick-borne zoonoses and commonly used diagnostic methods in human and veterinary medicine

et al. 2021

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Around the world, human health and animal health are closely linked in terms of the One Health concept by ticks acting as vectors for zoonotic pathogens. Animals do not only maintain tick cycles but can either be clinically affected by the same tick-borne pathogens as humans and/or play a role as reservoirs or sentinel pathogen hosts. However, the relevance of different tick-borne diseases (TBDs) may vary in human vs. veterinary medicine, which is consequently reflected by the availability of human vs. veterinary diagnostic tests. Yet, as TBDs gain importance in both fields and rare zoonotic pathogens, such as Babesia spp., are increasingly identified as causes of human disease, a One Health approach regarding development of new diagnostic tools may lead to synergistic benefits. This review gives an overview on zoonotic protozoan, bacterial and viral tick-borne pathogens worldwide, discusses commonly used diagnostic techniques for TBDs, and compares commercial availability of diagnostic tests for humans vs. domestic animals, using Germany as an example, with the aim of highlighting existing gaps and opportunities for collaboration in a One Health framework.

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The Challenges and Advances in Diagnosis of Vector-Borne Diseases: Where Do We Stand?

Cited by 15 publications

References 106 publications

Canine Babesiosis: Where Do We Stand?

Canine Babesiosis: Where Do We Stand?

Multiple vector-borne pathogens of domestic animals in Egypt

Tick-borne zoonoses and commonly used diagnostic methods in human and veterinary medicine

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