The challenges, achievements and applications of submersible superhydrophobic materials

Mehanna, Yasmin A.; Sadler, Emma; Upton, Rebekah L.; Kempchinsky, Andrew G.; Lu, Yao; Crick, Colin R.

doi:10.1039/d0cs01056a

Cited by 101 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 246 publications

(520 reference statements)

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“…Superhydrophobic (SHP) materials have drawn increasing attention as a promising mitigation strategy against protein fouling. − SHP surfaces provide an air plastron (AP) layer when submerged in water, which physically reduces the contact area between protein and the substrate. − However, AP gradually disappears when submerged in water, , which significantly jeopardizes its stability and long-term antifouling properties of SHP materials. , Many factors impact the AP stability and SHP performance, such as pressure equilibrium, liquid type, − and surface-active solutes, including proteins. ,− Falde et al suggested that proteins affect SHP surfaces in two possible mechanisms: dissolved protein decreases the solution surface tension and the protein in the solution will adsorb to the solid surface, altering the solid surface energy. , Choi et al reported the strong pinning effect of protein solutions on SHP surfaces during evaporation, while the SHP remained unwetted. Accardo et al also found that the microstructured SHP surface was wetted by a lysozyme solution during droplet evaporation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…32−36 However, AP gradually disappears when submerged in water, 37,38 which significantly jeopardizes its stability and long-term antifouling properties of SHP materials. 39,40 Many factors impact the AP stability and SHP performance, such as pressure equilibrium, liquid type, 41−45 and surface-active solutes, including proteins. 5,46−48 Falde et al 5 suggested that proteins affect SHP surfaces in two possible mechanisms: dissolved protein decreases the solution surface tension 46 surface energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Protein Adsorption on Air Plastron Behavior of a Superhydrophobic Surface

Wang

Zhang

Dodiuk

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Protein fouling on critical biointerfaces causes significant public health and clinical ramifications. Multiple strategies, including superhydrophobic (SHP) surfaces and coatings, have been explored to mitigate protein adsorption on solid surfaces. SHP materials with underwater air plastron (AP) layers hold great promise by physically reducing the contact area between a substrate and protein molecules. However, sustaining AP stability or lifetime is crucial in determining the durability and long-term applications of SHP materials. This work investigated the effect of protein on the AP stability using model SHP substrates, which were prepared from a mixture of silica nanoparticles and epoxy. The AP stability was determined using a submersion test with real-time visualization. The results showed that AP stability was significantly weakened by protein solutions compared to water, which could be attributed to the surface tension of protein solutions and protein adsorption on SHP substrates. The results were further examined to reveal the correlation between protein fouling and accelerated AP dissipation on SHP materials by confocal fluorescent imaging, surface energy measurement, and surface robustness modeling of the Cassie–Baxter to Wenzel transition. The study reveals fundamental protein adsorption mechanisms on SHP materials, which could guide future SHP material design to better mitigate protein fouling on critical biointerfaces.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Protein Adsorption on Air Plastron Behavior of a Superhydrophobic Surface

Wang

Zhang

Dodiuk

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Importantly, the scaffolds immersed in an aqueous solution were wetted instantaneously in the case of PCL 12 and PCL 16, and slower in the case of many-layered structures (PCL 60, PCL full). The facilitated wetting of PCL 12 and PCL 16 can be explained by easier removal of the air pockets in thinner scaffolds during immersion [51]. All scaffolds remained stable during immersion in a cell culture medium for 14 days.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melt Electrowriting of Scaffolds with a Porosity Gradient to Mimic the Matrix Structure of the Human Trabecular Meshwork

Włodarczyk‐Biegun

Villiou

Koch

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The permeability of the Human Trabecular Meshwork (HTM) regulates eye pressure via a porosity gradient across its thickness modulated by stacked layers of matrix fibrils and cells. Changes in HTM porosity are associated with increases in intraocular pressure and the progress of diseases like glaucoma. Engineered HTMs could help to understand the structure-function relation in natural tissues, and lead to new regenerative solutions. Here, melt electrowriting (MEW) is explored as a biofabrication technique to produce fibrillar, porous scaffolds that mimic the multilayer, gradient structure of native HTM. Poly(caprolactone) constructs with a height of 125-500 μm and fiber diameters of 10-12 μm are printed. Scaffolds with a tensile modulus between 5.6 and 13 MPa, and a static compression modulus in the range of 6-360 kPa are obtained by varying the scaffolds design, i.e., density and orientation of the fibers and number of stacked layers. Primary HTM cells attach to the scaffolds, proliferate, and form a confluent layer within 8-14 days, depending on the scaffold design. High cell viability and cell morphology close to that in the native tissue are observed. The present work demonstrates the utility of MEW to reconstruct complex morphological features of natural tissues.

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“…Hence, these coatings show tremendous potential in future applications as real-world superhydrophobic materials. The synthesis methodology (hot pressing) is used by a range of industries (e.g., polymer coatings in upholstery) and show the potential for implantation in many more. , The implementation of enhanced composites presents a multitude of future development options both academic and industrial research. This encompasses superhydrophobic material design but extends to formulation science, nanocomposite engineering, and the development of fabrication methodologies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanofiber/SiO₂ Nanoparticle/HDPE Composites as Physically Resilient and Submersible Water-Repellent Coatings on HDPE Substrates

Upton

Fedosyuk

Edel

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Here, we introduce high-strength carbon nanofibers (CNFs) into optimized polymer−nanoparticle composite formulations [modified SiO 2 nanoparticles/high-density polyethylene (HDPE)] to generate superhydrophobic surface coatings that are directly integrated into HDPE substrates. This is achieved through the use of a parallel plate hot pressing process and a unique design approach that considers the chemical properties of individual formulation components within a ternary system. Subsequently, this enables the generation of resilient, high-functioning, nano/ microscale materials while increasing potential lifetimes, through integrating self-cleaning functionality into the polymer. The most encouraging nanocomposite surface coating was found to surpass 100 abrasion cycles while retaining its high water repellency, displaying a static contact angle of 150 ± 3°and tilting angle of 18 ± 7°after 4 weeks of continual submersion (from values of 156 ± 3 and 5 ± 1°, respectively), under a hydrostatic pressure of 7.85 kPa (80 cm depth), where it was found to remain fully functional as a self-cleaning coating.

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The challenges, achievements and applications of submersible superhydrophobic materials

Abstract: Addressing the unique challenges faced in designing submersible superhydrophobic materials, framing current research, and exploring future research direction.

Cited by 101 publications

References 246 publications

Effect of Protein Adsorption on Air Plastron Behavior of a Superhydrophobic Surface

Effect of Protein Adsorption on Air Plastron Behavior of a Superhydrophobic Surface

Melt Electrowriting of Scaffolds with a Porosity Gradient to Mimic the Matrix Structure of the Human Trabecular Meshwork

Carbon Nanofiber/SiO₂ Nanoparticle/HDPE Composites as Physically Resilient and Submersible Water-Repellent Coatings on HDPE Substrates

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The challenges, achievements and applications of submersible superhydrophobic materials

Abstract: Addressing the unique challenges faced in designing submersible superhydrophobic materials, framing current research, and exploring future research direction.

Cited by 101 publications

References 246 publications

Effect of Protein Adsorption on Air Plastron Behavior of a Superhydrophobic Surface

Effect of Protein Adsorption on Air Plastron Behavior of a Superhydrophobic Surface

Melt Electrowriting of Scaffolds with a Porosity Gradient to Mimic the Matrix Structure of the Human Trabecular Meshwork

Carbon Nanofiber/SiO2 Nanoparticle/HDPE Composites as Physically Resilient and Submersible Water-Repellent Coatings on HDPE Substrates

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Product

Resources

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Carbon Nanofiber/SiO₂ Nanoparticle/HDPE Composites as Physically Resilient and Submersible Water-Repellent Coatings on HDPE Substrates