The challenge of the herring in the Norwegian sea: Making optimal collective spatial decisions

Fernö, Anders; Pitcher, Tony J.; Melle, Webjørn; Nøttestad, Leif; Mackinson, Steven; Hollingworth, Chuck; Misund, Ole Arve

doi:10.1080/00364827.1998.10413679

Cited by 121 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…The more abundant food is locally, the less the probability that a migration will be beneficial. A widespread distribution during feeding as observed in our study must therefore be considered a response to locally low food concentrations occurring at least occasionally, thereby triggering migration (Fernö et al 1998). With high predator population levels such local depletions are likely to be caused by heavy feeding pressures , and the widespread distribution may be considered a consequence of intraspecific competition.…”

Section: Marginal Effectsmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Consequently mackerel arrive in the Norwegian Sea later than herring and their main feeding period is July and August (Hamre 1980;Iversen 2004). Because hunger state and condition are likely to be highly influential on the motivation for feeding (Milinski 1993;Nøttestad et al 1996;Fernö et al 1998), the feeding motivation of mackerel is expected to be higher at the time of the present investigation than the feeding motivation of herring. In addition, due to differences in arrival time on the common feeding grounds, and therefore peak feeding season, mackerel and herring may be adapted to partly different feeding conditions.…”

Section: Temporal Overlapmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The lack of correlation between prey sampled in the nets and prey found in the guts may indicate that the patchiness in prey concentration is on a smaller scale than what is captured in our comparative sampling, as the trawl hauls and plankton nets inevitably sample from slightly different volumes of water. Third, the underlying reasons for the spatial distribution pattern in pelagic aggregative fish can only be fully appreciated when the unpredictable emergent collective decisions such as responses to local stimuli are taken into consideration (Fernö et al 1998;Mackinson et al 1999;Couzin et al 2005).…”

Section: Spatial Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overlap in distribution and diets of Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus), Norwegian spring-spawning herring (Clupea harengus) and blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) in the Norwegian Sea during late summer

Langøy

Nøttestad

Skaret

et al. 2012

Marine Biology Research

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Based on two large-scale surveys in the Norwegian Sea in July 2004 and 2006 we investigated the potential overlap in distribution and diets and association with environmental variables for mackerel, herring and blue whiting. Mackerel and blue whiting had low overlap in both distribution and diets, and were associated with warm Atlantic and cold prey-rich Arctic waters, respectively. Also, herring and mackerel were negatively correlated, associated with different environmental variables and even had low diet overlap in Atlantic water where the highest overlap in distribution was observed, but these trends were much clearer in 2006 than in 2004. Prey was patchily distributed and data from single stations indicated that feeding was opportunistic, in particular for mackerel. However, mackerel diet width and feeding incidence were similar between the years, whereas herring was more selective in 2004, probably reaching the end of the feeding season. A delayed peak in Calanus availability was indicated in 2006 and may have prolonged the feeding season, partly explain the difference between the years. Our data did not indicate a prey shift due to encounters between mackerel and herring. Concentrated efforts in limited areas are needed to further elucidate this aspect of interaction.

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Section: Marginal Effectsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Temporal Overlapmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Spatial Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overlap in distribution and diets of Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus), Norwegian spring-spawning herring (Clupea harengus) and blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) in the Norwegian Sea during late summer

Langøy

Nøttestad

Skaret

et al. 2012

Marine Biology Research

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“…The similarities may well relate to the collective behaviour in herring schools (Fernö et al 1998;Axelsen et al 2000), which typically consist of about equal numbers of both sexes; individuals are, in 'deciding' whether to participate in spawning migration, strongly dependent on the decisions of surrounding individuals (Huse et al 2002). 335…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, strong support is provided for the hypothesis (Engelhard and Heino 2005) speed (Ware 1978). Finally, predation risk is likely to be particularly high for spawning herring; they are preyed upon by a range of coastal predators including fishes, marine mammals, and seabirds (Fernö et al 1998;Høines and Bergstad 1999;Axelsen et al 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change and condition of herring (Clupea harengus) explain long-term trends in extent of skipped reproduction

Engelhard

Heino

2006

Oecologia

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It is commonly assumed that iteroparous fish, once mature, normally reproduce in all consecutive seasons. Recent work has suggested, however, that in Norwegian spring-spawning herring-a population that undertakes extensive spawning migrations-almost one in two adults may skip their second spawning migration. Why should herring not return to spawn the year after first spawning, but instead wait an extra year? For herring, participation in distant, energetically costly, and risky spawning migrations will only pay off in terms of fitness if individuals are sufficiently large, and in sufficient condition, to both successfully migrate and spawn. Changes in the environment and individual condition should therefore affect the likelihood of skipped spawning. This paper describes long-term changes in the extent to which the second reproductive season is skipped in this herring population. These are shown to be linked to the size and condition of herring as first-time spawners, and to climatic factors possibly related to food availability. The findings corroborate the hypothesis that skipped reproduction results from trade-offs between current and future reproduction, growth and survival. © Springer-Verlag 2006

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The Role of Fish Learning Skills in Fisheries and Aquaculture

Fernö¹,

Huse²,

Jakobsen³

et al. 2006

Fish Cognition and Behavior

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The challenge of the herring in the Norwegian sea: Making optimal collective spatial decisions

Cited by 121 publications

References 71 publications

Overlap in distribution and diets of Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus), Norwegian spring-spawning herring (Clupea harengus) and blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) in the Norwegian Sea during late summer

Overlap in distribution and diets of Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus), Norwegian spring-spawning herring (Clupea harengus) and blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) in the Norwegian Sea during late summer

Climate change and condition of herring (Clupea harengus) explain long-term trends in extent of skipped reproduction

The Role of Fish Learning Skills in Fisheries and Aquaculture

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