The challenge of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial infection

Novosad, Shannon; Henkle, Emily; Winthrop, Kevin

doi:10.1007/s13665-015-0119-3

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…It is a group of conditional pathogen cause even more diseases burden than TB. In recent years, NTM infection is increasing quickly over worldwide and becomes a very important global public health problem . And in America, more than 90% of NTM isolation strains are from pulmonary secretions…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HMGN2 regulates non‐tuberculous mycobacteria survival via modulation of M1 macrophage polarization

Wang

Chen

Ren

et al. 2019

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Non‐tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), also known as an environmental and atypical mycobacteria, can cause the chronic pulmonary infectious diseases. Macrophages have been suggested as the main host cell to initiate the innate immune responses to NTM infection. However, the molecular mechanism to regulate the antimicrobial immune responses to NTM is still largely unknown. Current study showed that the NTM clinical groups, Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium smegmatis, significantly induced the M1 macrophage polarization with the characteristic production of nitric oxide (NO) and marker gene expression of iNOS, IFNγ, TNF‐α, IL1‐β and IL‐6. Interestingly, a non‐histone nuclear protein, HMGN2 (high‐mobility group N2), was found to be spontaneously induced during NTM‐activated M1 macrophage polarization. Functional studies revealed that HMGN2 deficiency in NTM‐infected macrophage promotes the expression of M1 markers and the production of NO via the enhanced activation of NF‐κB and MAPK signalling. Further studies exhibited that HMGN2 knock‐down also enhanced IFNγ‐induced M1 macrophage polarization. Finally, we observed that silencing HMGN2 affected the survival of NTM in macrophage, which might largely relevant to enhanced macrophage polarization into M1 phenotype under the NTM infection. Collectively, current studies thus suggested a novel function of HMGN2 in regulating the anti‐non‐tuberculous mycobacteria innate immunity of macrophage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HMGN2 regulates non‐tuberculous mycobacteria survival via modulation of M1 macrophage polarization

Wang

Chen

Ren

et al. 2019

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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“…Currently, the lack of randomized clinical trials to guide treatment results in that treatment strategies are largely based on expert opinion [4,5]. Meanwhile, the diagnosis of pulmonary NTM disease is significantly delayed in China [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The performance of interferon-gamma release assay in nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases: a retrospective study in China

Wang

2016

BMC Pulm Med

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BackgroundThe interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) is more specific than the tuberculin skin test to discriminate between tuberculosis (TB) and nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) diseases. Here we performed a retrospective study to evaluate the performance of the T-SPOT.TB in patients with NTM diseases.MethodsBetween March, 2013 and Nov, 2015, a total of 58 patients with NTM diseases had a T-SPOT.TB performed were enrolled, 30 patients had definite NTM diseases, 28 had probable diseases. Their clinicopathological characteristics were reviewed and analyzed. Cultures for mycobacteria were performed. The indirect proportion method with Löwenstein–Jensen (L-J) medium was used for first-line drug susceptibility test. T-SPOT.TB assay was performed according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (continuous variables) and as numbers and percentages (categorical variables). The χ 2 test was used for comparisons between proportions.ResultsThe average age was 51.8 ± 16.1 years (range 10 to 77 years), 58.6% (34/58) were male. 16.4% (9/55) were TB-PCR positive. 34 (58.6%) isolates were Mycobacterium intracellulare, ten (17.2%) were Mycobacterium chelonae and seven (12.1%) were Mycobacterium fortuitum. Fifty-two (89.7%) patients were NTM lung disease, five (8.6%) were pleural disease, and one (1.7%) lymphadenitis. The total positivity of T-SPOT.TB was 53.4% (31/58) among the whole group (probable and definite). For probable cases, the T-SPOT.TB assay was positive in 53.5% (15/28); for definite cases, 16 (53.3%) of 30 definite cases were positive. There was no statistical difference in the positivity rate between them (P < 0.01).ConclusionsIn the study, we showed that a significant portion of NTM diseases were T-SPOT.TB positive in China. Although T-SPOT.TB is useful diagnostic method for differentiating TB from NTM diseases, in China, the IGRA assay show limited value in the discrimination. In addition, further research is needed to investigate the association between TB infection and treatment for NTM patients.

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“…Among NTM species, an increasing number of strains have been deemed responsible, in the last decades, of severe and treatment-resistant diseases910111213. NTMs are present in the environment, in particular in water and soil14, and can occasionally infect humans or animals causing a range of pathological conditions including pulmonary, skin, bone, joint, and disseminated diseases in the presence of various predisposing conditions (primarily chronic diseases and immunosuppression)15161718.…”

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confidence: 99%

Genomic characterization of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

Fedrizzi

Meehan

Grottola

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

178

188

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae have remained, for many years, the primary species of the genus Mycobacterium of clinical and microbiological interest. The other members of the genus, referred to as nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), have long been underinvestigated. In the last decades, however, the number of reports linking various NTM species with human diseases has steadily increased and treatment difficulties have emerged. Despite the availability of whole genome sequencing technologies, limited effort has been devoted to the genetic characterization of NTM species. As a consequence, the taxonomic and phylogenetic structure of the genus remains unsettled and genomic information is lacking to support the identification of these organisms in a clinical setting. In this work, we widen the knowledge of NTMs by reconstructing and analyzing the genomes of 41 previously uncharacterized NTM species. We provide the first comprehensive characterization of the genomic diversity of NTMs and open new venues for the clinical identification of opportunistic pathogens from this genus.

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The challenge of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial infection

Cited by 15 publications

References 75 publications

HMGN2 regulates non‐tuberculous mycobacteria survival via modulation of M1 macrophage polarization

HMGN2 regulates non‐tuberculous mycobacteria survival via modulation of M1 macrophage polarization

The performance of interferon-gamma release assay in nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases: a retrospective study in China

Genomic characterization of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

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