The challenge of climate change and policy response in Pakistan

Khan, Mohammad Aslam; Khan, Jawed Ali; Ali, Zulfıqar; Ahmad, Imran; Ahmad, Muhammad Nauman

doi:10.1007/s12665-015-5127-7

Cited by 90 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…More recently as well as historical energy consumption pattern suggests that energy growth rate shall persist at an annual growth rate of 8.8% which would require 361 million tons of oil equivalent (MTOE) of energy by 2030. In other words, Pakistan has to enhance energy production by almost six times to that of the supply level of 2010-2011 (64 MTOE) [39].…”

Section: Historical Energy Demand and Supplymentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Integrated Modeling Approach for Forecasting Long-Term Energy Demand in Pakistan

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Energy planning and policy development require an in-depth assessment of energy resources and long-term demand forecast estimates. Pakistan, unfortunately, lacks reliable data on its energy resources as well do not have dependable long-term energy demand forecasts. As a result, the policy makers could not come up with an effective energy policy in the history of the country. Energy demand forecast has attained greatest ever attention in the perspective of growing population and diminishing fossil fuel resources. In this study, Pakistan's energy demand forecast for electricity, natural gas, oil, coal and LPG across all the sectors of the economy have been undertaken. Three different energy demand forecasting methodologies, i.e., Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Holt-Winter and Long-range Energy Alternate Planning (LEAP) model were used. The demand forecast estimates of each of these methods were compared using annual energy demand data. The results of this study suggest that ARIMA is more appropriate for energy demand forecasting for Pakistan compared to Holt-Winter model and LEAP model. It is estimated that industrial sector's demand shall be highest in the year 2035 followed by transport and domestic sectors. The results further suggest that energy fuel mix will change considerably, such that oil will be the most highly consumed energy form (38.16%) followed by natural gas (36.57%), electricity (16.22%), coal (7.52%) and LPG (1.52%) in 2035. In view of higher demand forecast of fossil fuels consumption, this study recommends that government should take the initiative for harnessing renewable energy resources for meeting future energy demand to not only avert huge import bill but also achieving energy security and sustainability in the long run.

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Section: Historical Energy Demand and Supplymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other words, Pakistan has to enhance energy production by almost six times to that of the supply level of 2010-2011 (64 MTOE) [39]. There have been some efforts from the Government of Pakistan (GoP) to promote the adoption of renewable energy technologies (RETs).…”

Section: Historical Energy Demand and Supplymentioning

confidence: 99%

An Integrated Modeling Approach for Forecasting Long-Term Energy Demand in Pakistan

et al. 2017

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“…In Pakistan, climate change poses a major risk to achieving the social, economic or environmental sustainable development goals (Khan et al 2016;Government of Pakistan 2012). Disasters in the recent past have, for example, had far-reaching implications on the food security of the country in terms of reduction in crop production and harmful effects on livestock health (Task Force on Climate Change 2010).…”

Section: Conclusion and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eriksen

Næss²,

Haug

et al. 2017

IDS Bulletin

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“…In comparison, the estimated figure is 1066 m 3 /capita in 2015. ).Improving laws linked to the introduction of missing water valuation, surface water quality impacts due to climate change, groundwater challenges, and pollution control through awareness raising, and implementation of policies regarding water storage, water conservation, integrated water resources management, capacity building, and awareness raising that should be encouraged at various levels by introducing fines to reduce water scarcity and pollution problems should be encouraged [94,95]. …”

Section: Approaches To Diminish Water-related Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Provision of more funds for research in biotechnology supporting the introduction of specific heat resistant, flood (or drought) tolerant, water efficient, and high yield crop varieties; adaptation of better strategies like water channels to conserve water by minimizing water evaporation and transpiration, water reuse strategies after consuming or using water, dam construction to enable water storage; minimizing the effects of water-related impacts of climate change on agriculture and health; and ensuring both water and food security [94]. Provision of funds to establish climate change research centers in agricultural departments to support highly efficient technologies to save labor and to increase yields along with optimized pollution control in the agriculture sector under changing climate scenarios is encouraged [95].…”

Section: Approaches To Diminish Water-related Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-Related Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture and Subsequently on Public Health: A Review for Generalists with Particular Reference to Pakistan

Ahmed

Scholz

Al-Faraj

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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Water-related impacts due to change in climatic conditions ranging from water scarcity to intense floods and storms are increasing in developing countries like Pakistan. Water quality and waterborne diseases like hepatitis, cholera, typhoid, malaria and dengue fever are increasing due to chaotic urbanization, industrialization, poor hygienic conditions, and inappropriate water management. The morbidity rate is high due to lack of health care facilities, especially in developing countries. Organizations linked to the Government of Pakistan (e.g., Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Climate Change, Planning and Development, Ministry of Forest, Irrigation and Public Health, Pakistan Meteorological Department, National Disaster Management, Pakistan Agricultural Research Centre, Pakistan Council for Research in Water Resources, and Global Change Impact Study Centre), United Nation organizations, provincial government departments, non-governmental organizations (e.g., Global Facility and Disaster Reduction), research centers linked to universities, and international organizations (International Institute for Sustainable Development, Food and Agriculture, Global Climate Fund and World Bank) are trying to reduce the water-related impacts of climate change, but due to lack of public awareness and health care infrastructure, the death rate is steadily increasing. This paper critically reviews the scientific studies and reports both at national and at international level benefiting generalists concerned with environmental and public health challenges. The article underlines the urgent need for water conservation, risk management, and the development of mitigation measures to cope with the water-related impacts of climate change on agriculture and subsequently on public health. Novel solutions and bioremediation methods have been presented to control environmental pollution and to promote awareness among the scientific community. The focus is on diverse strategies to handle the forthcoming challenges associated with water resources management.

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The challenge of climate change and policy response in Pakistan

Cited by 90 publications

References 15 publications

An Integrated Modeling Approach for Forecasting Long-Term Energy Demand in Pakistan

An Integrated Modeling Approach for Forecasting Long-Term Energy Demand in Pakistan

Untitled

Water-Related Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture and Subsequently on Public Health: A Review for Generalists with Particular Reference to Pakistan

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