The Challenge of Achieving Measles Elimination in the Eastern Mediterranean Region by 2010

Gaafar, T.; Moshni, E.; Lievano, Fabio

doi:10.1086/368035

Cited by 35 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Pakistan is a developing South Asian country with a population of over 187 million (6). The majority of the population of Pakistan (67.5%) live in rural areas and bear the greatest burden of heart disease (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Management Cost of Myocardial Infarction in North Punjab, Pakistan

Iqbal¹,

Jahan²,

Hanif³

2015

Iran Red Crescent Med J

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Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Pakistan. The temporal trends in the risk factors for myocardial infarction (MI) and the impact of socioeconomic status on these risk factors remain ambiguous. Objectives: The objectives of the present analysis were to investigate the potential association between various risk factors and MI in North Punjab, Pakistan, and to assess the status of the control of the risk factors associated with MI in this population. Patients and Methods:The present study included 515 patients admitted to the coronary care units or equivalent cardiology wards of the participating hospitals between 2011 and 2012 in North Punjab, Pakistan. The analysis was focused on identifying the socioeconomic status, lifestyle, family history of MI, and risk factors (i.e. hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and hyperlipidemia). A structured questionnaire was designed to collect data. The lipid profile was recorded from the investigation chart of every patient. For statistical analysis, the Kruskal Wallis, Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon, and chi-square tests were used. Results: MI was common in the males at the age of 41 -60 years as compared to the females (P = 0.015). Patients with a positive parental history of CHD experienced MI at a younger age (P = 0.0001) at a body mass index (BMI) ≤ 25 kg/m 2 . Sedentary lifestyle (70%) and smoking (60%) had a male predominance. Hypertension accounted for nearly 37%, hyperlipidemia 26%, and diabetes 19.4% of the rural and urban subjects (P < 0.01). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased (up to 34 mg/dl), while low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and hypertension increased with age. The mean monthly cost of medicines and physicians' fees per patient was 2381.132 Pakistani Rupees (24.24 USD). Conclusions: Higher BMI, positive family history, smoking, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes were the strong predictors of MI in North Punjab, Pakistan. Preventive efforts are needed to start early in life and continue throughout the life course.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Management Cost of Myocardial Infarction in North Punjab, Pakistan

Iqbal¹,

Jahan²,

Hanif³

2015

Iran Red Crescent Med J

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“…The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is the largest Gulf country with an area of 1,960,582 million km 2 and an estimated total population in 2011 of28,376,355 (19,405,686 Saudis and 8,970,670 non-Saudis). The GDP per capita in KSA has been stable around 20,300 dollars over the years and about 7% of the annual budget of KSA has been allocated to the Ministry of Health [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secular trend and epidemiology of measles in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: 2009–2012

Memish

Bamgboye

Mohammed

et al. 2015

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease

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“…Eastern Mediterranean countries have performed measles overpowering activities during 1997 -2010. Following the successful vaccination program for poliomyelitis in 2000, a program for measles elimination in Iran is in progress according to the recommendation of the world health organization (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Vaccination Immunity Against Measles in Under Twenty-Five-Year-Old Population of Ahvaz, Southwest of Iran

Shakurnia

Alavi

Norouzirad

et al. 2013

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background:Measles is a severe contagious disease, preventable by vaccination. The Ministry of Health and Medical Sciences of Islamic Republic of Iran, has launched a mass Measles vaccination campaign throughout the country from 2003. More than 32 million inhabitants between 5 and 25 years old received the measles vaccine. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of positive measles antibody titers in target groups (subjects under 25 year olds) who had received mass vaccination. Patients and Methods: We conducted this cross-sectional study on 900 subjects (363 males and 537 females), referred to health care and medical center of Ahvaz during 2011. Measles IgG antibody of serum was measured using the ELISA method. Results: Overall, 821 (91.2%) of the studied population under 25 years, had immunity to measles. Among girls and boys, 92.2% and 89.8% were seropositive, respectively. These differences were not statistically significant between the two sexes (P = 0.133). Anti-measles antibody titer increased with the increase of age from ≤ 5 to 21 -25 years (87.3% in ≤ 5-year-old group vs. 96.5 in 21 to 25-year-old group). These differences were statistically significant between the age groups (P = 0.021). Conclusions: Results indicated that the present vaccination program is insufficient for immunity against measles in this area. The general population immunity was lower than the necessary level for the elimination of measles. Therefore, sero-epidemiological studies are necessary to organize national programs for control and elimination of measles.

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The Challenge of Achieving Measles Elimination in the Eastern Mediterranean Region by 2010

Cited by 35 publications

References 8 publications

Epidemiology and Management Cost of Myocardial Infarction in North Punjab, Pakistan

Epidemiology and Management Cost of Myocardial Infarction in North Punjab, Pakistan

Secular trend and epidemiology of measles in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: 2009–2012

Post-Vaccination Immunity Against Measles in Under Twenty-Five-Year-Old Population of Ahvaz, Southwest of Iran

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