The cerebellum on the rise in human emotion

Schutter, Dennis J.L.G.; Honk, Jack van

doi:10.1080/14734220500348584

Cited by 232 publications

(176 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…These effects are in agreement with our earlier observations in which we aimed to facilitate rather than inhibit cerebellar function. In conclusion, the results of this study with healthy volunteers provide the first direct evidence for cerebellar involvement in emotion regulation and add to the growing recognition that the cerebellum is implicated in processes associated with the control of mood and emotion [54].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

The Cerebellum in Emotion Regulation: A Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study

2008

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Several lines of evidence suggest that the cerebellum may play a role in the regulation of emotion. The aim of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that inhibition of cerebellar function using slow repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) would lead to increased negative mood as a result of impaired emotion regulation. In a randomized counterbalanced within-subjects design, 12 healthy young right-handed volunteers received 20 min of cerebellar, occipital, or sham 1 Hz rTMS on three separate days. Mood state inventories were acquired prior to and immediately after rTMS and after an emotion regulation task (ERT). In the ERT, participants were instructed to either look at aversive and neutral scenes, or to suppress the negative feelings experienced while watching aversive scenes during which the electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded. Results showing no changes in baseline-corrected mood were observed immediately after rTMS. However, significant increases in baseline-corrected negative mood following the ERT were reported after cerebellar rTMS exclusively. No effects on the EEG during the ERT were observed. These findings provide support for the view that the cerebellum is implicated in the regulation of emotion and mood, and concur with evidence of cerebellar abnormalities observed in disorders associated with emotion dysregulation. In order to clarify the underlying biological mechanisms involved, more research is needed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

The Cerebellum in Emotion Regulation: A Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study

2008

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“…Our data indicate not only the importance of the biology of virus-stimulated cytokine in brain functions, but also the potential molecular mechanisms that underlie it. With such high activation of ISGs in the hippocampus and cerebellum (Figure 5), brain regions that are highly involved in learning/memory, emotion and other cognitive functions, 47,48 further study of the neurochemical and neurohistological impact of these two areas by IFN-a may shed light on the neurobiology of human neuropsychiatric disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic interferon-α regulates interferon-stimulated genes in the central nervous system

2007

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The prime anti-viral cytokine interferon-a (IFN-a) has been implicated in several central nervous system (CNS) disorders in addition to its beneficial effects. Systemic IFN-a treatment causes severe neuropsychiatric complications in humans, including depression, anxiety and cognitive impairments. While numerous neuromodulatory effects by IFN-a have been described, it remains unresolved whether or not systemic IFN-a acts directly on the brain to execute its CNS actions. In the present study, we have analyzed the genes directly regulated in post-IFN-a receptor signaling and found that intraperitoneal administration of mouse IFN-a, but not human IFN-a, activated expression of several prototypic IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), in particular signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT1), IFN-induced 15 kDa protein (ISG15), ubiquitin-specific proteinase 18 (USP18) and guanylate-binding protein 3 (GBP3) in the brain. A similar temporal profile for the regulated expression of these IFN-aactivated ISG genes was observed in the brain compared with the peripheral organs. Dual labeling in situ hybridization combined with immunocytochemical staining demonstrated a wide distribution of the key IFN-regulated gene STAT1 transcripts in the different parenchyma cells of the brain, particularly neurons. The overall response to IFN-a challenge was abolished in STAT1 knockout mice. Together, our results indicate a direct, STAT1-dependent action of systemic IFN-a in the CNS, which may provide the basis for a mechanism in humans for neurological/neuropsychiatric illnesses associated with IFN-a therapy.

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“…Noted as one of the last structures to mature, the cerebellum plays a major role in motor function, coordination, cognition, and emotion (Desmond & Fiez, 1998; Schmahmann, 1991, 1996, 2010; Schmahmann & Sherman, 1998; Schutter & van Honk, 2005). Lesions in the cerebellum have resulted in disorders of executive function (Courchesne et al., 1994; Tanaka, Harada, Arai, & Hirata, 2003), visuospatial abilities (Fabbro et al., 2004; Schmahmann & Sherman, 1998), expressive language (Fabbro et al., 2004; Molinari, Leggio, & Silveri, 1997), and affective behavior (Courchesne et al., 1994; Schmahmann, 2000), among others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐angular resolution diffusion imaging tractography of cerebellar pathways from newborns to young adults

Levman

Lim

et al. 2016

Brain and Behavior

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IntroductionMany neurologic and psychiatric disorders are thought to be due to, or result in, developmental errors in neuronal cerebellar connectivity. In this connectivity analysis, we studied the developmental time‐course of cerebellar peduncle pathways in pediatric and young adult subjects.MethodsA cohort of 80 subjects, newborns to young adults, was studied on a 3T MR system with 30 diffusion‐weighted measurements with high‐angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) tractography.ResultsQualitative and quantitative results were analyzed for age‐based variation. In subjects of all ages, the superior cerebellar peduncle pathway (SCP) and two distinct subpathways of the middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP), as described in previous ex vivo studies, were identified in vivo with this technique: pathways between the rostral pons and inferior‐lateral cerebellum (MCP cog), associated predominantly with higher cognitive function, and pathways between the caudal pons and superior‐medial cerebellum (MCP mot), associated predominantly with motor function.DiscussionOur findings showed that the inferior cerebellar peduncle pathway (ICP), involved primarily in proprioception and balance appears to have a later onset followed by more rapid development than that exhibited in other tracts. We hope that this study may provide an initial point of reference for future studies of normal and pathologic development of cerebellar connectivity.

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The cerebellum on the rise in human emotion

Cited by 232 publications

References 38 publications

The Cerebellum in Emotion Regulation: A Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study

The Cerebellum in Emotion Regulation: A Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study

Systemic interferon-α regulates interferon-stimulated genes in the central nervous system

High‐angular resolution diffusion imaging tractography of cerebellar pathways from newborns to young adults

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