The cerebellum and emotional experience

Turner, Beth M.; Paradiso, Sergio; Marvel, Cherie L.; Pierson, Ronald; Ponto, Laura L. Boles; Hichwa, Richard D.; Robinson, Robert G.

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.09.023

Cited by 259 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Cerebellar stroke does not affect basal autonomic/motor responses to CS and US, in agreement with a similar result obtained in animals with vermal lesions ( Supple and Leaton, 1990). Similarly, cerebellar stroke does not significantly affect baseline emotional responses in humans ( Turner et al, 2007). In this study, the subjective response to emotional images as well as changes in heart rate before and after viewing a set of pictures was studied.…”

Section: Human Cerebellum and Fear Memoriessupporting

confidence: 87%

“…These effects are mediated both by direct or indirect anatomical connections between cerebellum and limbic areas, and also by way of the paleocerebellar projections to ascending catecholamine neurons of the locus coeruleus, the ventral tegmental area, and periaqueductal gray. In line with these findings, a recent study in human showed that cerebellar lesions are associated with a decrease in the activity of the amygdala (Turner et al, 2007).…”

Section: Cerebellar Vermis and Fear Conditioning In Animal Studiessupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Further analysis would be necessary to clarify the role of the cerebellum in learned fear. Although the patients studied by Turner et al (2007) did not show differences in emotion from controls, they did show less activity in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, amygdala and thalamus, all structures that are thought to play a fundamental role in emotional behavior. In the same patients, frightening stimuli led to a significant increased activity of ventral medial prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate, pulvinar and insular cortex with respect to that of healthy subjects.…”

Section: Human Cerebellum and Fear Memoriesmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Patients with cerebellar stroke did not differ from healthy subjects either in the subjective evaluation and the behavioral responses to these frightening stimuli. The studies by Maschke et al (2002) and by Turner et al (2007) suggest that the vermis in necessary to learn a new association between sensory stimuli and aversive ones, while it is not required for the regulation of baseline fear responses and for the cognitive evaluation of a dangerous situation. In line with this observation, animals with vermal lesion ( Supple et al 1987 andSupple et al 1988) and the hotfoot mutant mice ( Sacchetti et al, 2004) remember the environment (context) in which a painful stimulation is administered.…”

Section: Human Cerebellum and Fear Memoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cerebellum and emotional behavior

Sacchetti¹,

Scelfo²,

Strata³

2009

Neuroscience

125

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Fear conditioning involves learning that a previously neutral stimulus (CS) predicts an aversive unconditioned stimulus (US). Lesions of the cerebellar vermis may affect fear memory without altering baseline motor/autonomic responses to the frightening stimuli. Reversible inactivation of the vermis during the consolidation period impairs retention of fear memory. In patients with medial cerebellar lesions conditioned bradycardia is impaired. In humans, cerebellar areas around the vermis are activated during mental recall of emotional personal episodes, if a loved partner receives a pain stimulus, and during learning of a CS-US association. Moreover, patients with cerebellar stroke may fail to show overt emotional changes. In such patients, however, the activity of several areas, including ventromedial prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate, pulvinar and insular cortex, is significantly increased relative to healthy subjects when exposed to frightening stimuli. Therefore, other structures may serve to maintain fear response after cerebellar damage. These data indicate that the vermis is involved in the formation of fear memory traces. We suggest that the vermis is not only involved in regulating the autonomic/motor responses, but that it also participates in forming new CS-US associations thus eliciting appropriate responses to new stimuli or situations. In other words, the cerebellum may translate an emotional state elaborated elsewhere into autonomic and motor responses.

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Section: Human Cerebellum and Fear Memoriessupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Cerebellar Vermis and Fear Conditioning In Animal Studiessupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Human Cerebellum and Fear Memoriesmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Human Cerebellum and Fear Memoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Cerebellum and emotional behavior

Sacchetti¹,

Scelfo²,

Strata³

2009

Neuroscience

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We found a neural response in the cerebellum in conjunction analysis, but also, the right cerebellum was activated significantly more in response to neutral faces than to emotional faces. The unspecific activation to different faces and facial expressions points to a general role of the cerebellum in cognitive and emotional processing (Turner et al 2007). However, recent clinical and neuroimaging research has tried to establish its precise contribution to each of the non motor functions.…”

Section: Neutral and Emotional Activationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is a neutral expression also a neutral stimulus? A study with functional magnetic resonance

et al. 2013

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Esta es la versión de autor del artículo publicado en: This is an author produced version of a paper published in: El acceso a la versión del editor puede requerir la suscripción del recurso Access to the published version may require subscription AbstractAlthough neutral faces do not initially convey an explicit emotional message, it has been found that individuals tend to assign them an affective content. Moreover, previous research has shown that affective judgments are mediated by the task they have to perform. Using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in 21 healthy participants, we focus this study on the cerebral activity patterns triggered by neutral and emotional faces in two different tasks (social or gender judgments). Results obtained, using conjunction analyses, indicated that viewing both emotional and neutral faces evokes activity in several similar brain areas indicating a common neural substrate. Moreover, neutral faces specifically elicit activation of cerebellum, frontal and temporal areas while emotional faces involve the cuneus, anterior cingulated gyrus, medial orbitofrontal cortex, posterior superior temporal gyrus, precentral/postcentral gyrus and insula. The task selected was also found to influence brain activity, in that the social task recruited frontal areas while the gender task involved the posterior cingulated, inferior parietal lobule and middle temporal gyrus to a greater extent. Specifically, in the social task viewing neutral faces was associated with longer reaction times and increased activity of left dorsolateral frontal cortex compared with viewing facial expressions of emotions. In contrast, in the same task emotional expressions distinctively activated the left amygdale. The results are discussed taking into consideration the fact that, like other facial expressions, neutral expressions are usually assigned some emotional significance. However, neutral faces evoke a greater activation of circuits probably involved in more elaborate cognitive processing.

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