The cerebellum and cognitive neural networks

Zhang, Pingshu; Duan, Li-qin; Yu-xiang, OU; Ling, Qinglan; Cao, Lei; Qian, Hui; Zhang, Jian; Wang, Jing; Yuan, Xiaodong

doi:10.3389/fnhum.2023.1197459

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Our results are consistent with the current knowledge on the involvement of the cerebellum in language processing (De Smet et al, 2007; Mariën & Beaton, 2014; Zhang et al, 2023). The left VI cerebellar lobule that we report is known to be functionally connected to SMN at rest and involved in motor tasks (Guell et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Dysconnectivity of the cerebellum and somatomotor network correlates with the severity of alogia in chronic schizophrenia

Więcławski,

Bielski,

Jani

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Recent fMRI resting-state findings show aberrant functional connectivity within somatomotor network (SMN) in schizophrenia. Moreover, functional connectivity aberrations of the motor system are often reported to be related to the severity of psychotic symptoms. Thus, it is important to validate those findings and confirm their relationship with psychopathology. Therefore, we decided to take an entirely data-driven approach in our fMRI resting-state study of 30 chronic schizophrenia outpatients and 30 matched control subjects. We used independent component analysis (ICA), dual regression, and seed-based connectivity analysis. We found reduced functional connectivity within SMN in schizophrenia patients compared to controls and SMN hypoconnectivity with the cerebellum in schizophrenia patients. The latter is strongly correlated with the intensity of alogia, i.e. poverty of speech and reduction in spontaneous speech, demonstrated by patients. Our results are consistent with the recent knowledge about the role of the cerebellum in cognitive functioning and its abnormalities in psychiatric disorders, e.g. schizophrenia. In conclusion, the presented results, for the first time clearly showed the involvement of the cerebellum hypoconnectivity with SMN in the persistence and severity of alogia symptoms in schizophrenia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Dysconnectivity of the cerebellum and somatomotor network correlates with the severity of alogia in chronic schizophrenia

Więcławski,

Bielski,

Jani

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…The human cerebellum represents a structure of the brain located at the lower back of the brain, underlying the occipital and temporal lobes . As a highly specialized region, the cerebellum encompasses approximately 80% of the total brain neurons and regular arrays of neuronal units and consists of two main types of cells: cerebellar cortical neurons responsible for regulating, connecting, and maintaining higher cognitive functions, and deep cerebellar neurons accountable for basic muscle coordination …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies revealed the engagement of the cerebellum in a variety of processes, including motor functions such as maintaining body equilibrium, controlling muscle tension, and coordinating deliberate movements, as well as cognitive activities, emotional experiences, and social interactions. , Damage to the cerebellum frequently leads to impairment, which impacts (i) the visuospatial abilities, attention, in particular focusing attention on space and time; (ii) executive functions such as inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, planning, reasoning, and decision-making; − (iii) the working memory affecting comprehension, reading, and learning; (iv) language skills, including issues related to the timing, adaptation, prediction, planning, fluency, grammar, or even speech disruptions . Also, the cerebellar dysfunctions induced by modifications at the molecular level represent the basis of the common pathological conditions such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington disease (HD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and multiple sclerosis (MS) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 As a highly specialized region, the cerebellum encompasses approximately 80% of the total brain neurons and regular arrays of neuronal units and consists of two main types of cells: cerebellar cortical neurons responsible for regulating, connecting, and maintaining higher cognitive functions, and deep cerebellar neurons accountable for basic muscle coordination. 2 Previous studies revealed the engagement of the cerebellum in a variety of processes, including motor functions such as maintaining body equilibrium, controlling muscle tension, and coordinating deliberate movements, as well as cognitive activities, emotional experiences, and social interactions. 3,4 Damage to the cerebellum frequently leads to impairment, which impacts (i) the visuospatial abilities, attention, in particular focusing attention on space and time; 5 (ii) executive functions such as inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, planning, reasoning, and decision-making; 5−9 (iii) the working memory affecting comprehension, reading, and learning; 2 (iv) language skills, including issues related to the timing, adaptation, prediction, planning, fluency, grammar, or even speech disruptions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,4 Damage to the cerebellum frequently leads to impairment, which impacts (i) the visuospatial abilities, attention, in particular focusing attention on space and time; 5 (ii) executive functions such as inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, planning, reasoning, and decision-making; 5−9 (iii) the working memory affecting comprehension, reading, and learning; 2 (iv) language skills, including issues related to the timing, adaptation, prediction, planning, fluency, grammar, or even speech disruptions. 2 Also, the cerebellar dysfunctions induced by modifications at the molecular level 10 represent the basis of the common pathological conditions such as Parkinson's disease (PD), 11 Huntington disease (HD), 12 Alzheimer's disease (AD), 13 and multiple sclerosis (MS). 14 On the other side, although the role of the cortex in age-related cognitive and motor decline is known and well-investigated, 15,16 the mechanisms through which the effects of aging on the cerebellum modify specific motor, cognitive, and affective operations are yet to be clarified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human Cerebellum Gangliosides: A Comprehensive Analysis by Ion Mobility Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Biricioiu,

Sarbu,

Ica

et al. 2024

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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The human cerebellum is an ultraspecialized region of the brain responsible for cognitive functions and movement coordination. The fine mechanisms through which the process of aging impacts such functions are not well understood; therefore, a rigorous exploration of this brain region at the molecular level is deemed necessary. Gangliosides, sialylated glycosphingolipids, highly and specifically expressed in the human central nervous system, represent possible molecular markers of cerebellum development and aging. In this context, for a comprehensive determination of development-and age-specific components, we have conducted here a comparative profiling and structural determination of the gangliosides expressed in fetal cerebellum in two intrauterine developmental stages and aged cerebellum by ion mobility separation (IMS) mass spectrometry (MS) and tandem MS (MS/MS). Due to the high sensitivity and efficiency of separation provided by IMS MS, no less than 551 chemically distinct species were identified, which represents 4.5 times more gangliosides than ever discovered in this brain region. The detailed assessment of fetal vs aged cerebellum gangliosidome showed marked discrepancies not only in the general number of the species expressed, but also in their sialylation patterns, the modifications of the glycan core, and the composition of the ceramides. All of these characteristics are potential markers of cerebellum development and aging. The structural analysis by collision-induced dissociation (CID) documented the occurrence of GD1b (d18:1/18:0) isomer in the fetal cerebellum in the second gestational trimester, with all probability of GQ1b (t18:1/18:0) in the near-term fetus and of GQ1b (d18:1/18:0) in aged cerebellum.

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Impact of varying maternal dietary folate intake on cerebellar cortex histomorphology and cell density in offspring rats

Mwachaka,

Gichangi,

Abdelmalek

et al. 2024

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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The cerebellum has a long, protracted developmental period that spans from the embryonic to postnatal periods; as a result, it is more sensitive to intrauterine and postnatal insults like nutritional deficiencies. Folate is crucial for foetal and early postnatal brain development; however, its effects on cerebellar growth and development are unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of maternal folate intake on the histomorphology and cell density of the developing cerebellum. Twelve adult female rats (rattus norvegicus) were randomly assigned to one of four premixed diet groups: standard (2 mg/kg), folate‐deficient (0 mg/kg), folate‐supplemented (8 mg/kg) or folate supra‐supplemented (40 mg/kg). The rats started their diets 14 days before mating and consumed them throughout pregnancy and lactation. On postnatal days 1, 7, 21 and 35, five pups from each group were sacrificed, and their brains were processed for light microscopic analysis. Histomorphology and cell density of the external granule, molecular, Purkinje and internal granule layers were obtained. The folate‐deficient diet group had smaller, dysmorphic cells and significantly lower densities of external granule, molecular, Purkinje and internal granule cells. Although the folate‐enriched groups had greater cell densities than the controls, the folate‐supplemented group had considerably higher cell densities than the supra‐supplemented group. The folate supra‐supplemented group had ectopic Purkinje cells in the internal granule cell layer. These findings imply that a folate‐deficient diet impairs cellular growth and reduces cell density in the cerebellar cortex. On the other hand, folate supplementation increases cell densities, but there appears to be an optimal dose of supplementation since excessive folate levels may be detrimental.

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The cerebellum and cognitive neural networks

Cited by 14 publications

References 100 publications

Dysconnectivity of the cerebellum and somatomotor network correlates with the severity of alogia in chronic schizophrenia

Dysconnectivity of the cerebellum and somatomotor network correlates with the severity of alogia in chronic schizophrenia

Human Cerebellum Gangliosides: A Comprehensive Analysis by Ion Mobility Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Impact of varying maternal dietary folate intake on cerebellar cortex histomorphology and cell density in offspring rats

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