The cerebellum after trauma: Resting‐state functional connectivity of the cerebellum in posttraumatic stress disorder and its dissociative subtype

Rabellino, Daniela; Densmore, Maria; Théberge, Jean; McKinnon, Margaret C.; Lanius, Ruth A.

doi:10.1002/hbm.24081

Cited by 88 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Recent work by Holmes and colleagues also found reduced nodal strength in the cerebellum of PTSD patients, as well as reduced volume and structural covariance (45). Other studies have also reported structural and functional abnormalities in the cerebellum in PTSD (46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51). Importantly, the cerebellar abnormalities in the current study were evident only during symptom provocation.…”

Section: Figure 4 Effect Of Symptom Provocation On Salience Global Csupporting

confidence: 64%

Salience Network Disruption in US Army Soldiers with PTSD

Abdallah¹,

Averill²,

Ramage

et al. 2018

Preprint

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BACKGROUND: Better understanding of the neurobiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may be critical to developing novel, effective therapeutics. Here, we conducted a data-driven investigation using a well-established, graphbased topological measure of nodal strength to determine the extent of functional dysconnectivity in a cohort of active duty US Army soldiers with PTSD compared to controls.METHODS: 102 participants with (n=50) or without PTSD (n=52) completed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at rest and during symptom provocation using subject-specific script imagery. Vertex/voxel global brain connectivity with global signal regression (GBCr), a measure of nodal strength, was calculated as the average of its functional connectivity with all other vertices/voxels in the brain gray matter. RESULTS:In contrast to during resting-state, where there were no group differences, we found a significantly higher GBCr, in PTSD participants compared to controls, in areas within the right hemisphere, including anterior insula, caudalventrolateral prefrontal, and rostral-ventrolateral parietal cortices. Overall, these clusters overlapped with the ventral and dorsal salience networks. Post hoc analysis showed increased GBCr in these salience clusters during symptom provocation compared to resting-state. In addition, resting-state GBCr in the salience clusters predicted GBCr during symptom provocation in PTSD participants but not in controls. CONCLUSION:In PTSD, increased connectivity within the salience network has been previously hypothesized, based primarily on seed-based connectivity findings. The current results strongly support this hypothesis using whole-brain network measure in a fully data-driven approach. It remains to be seen in future studies whether these identified salience disturbances would normalize following treatment.

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Section: Figure 4 Effect Of Symptom Provocation On Salience Global Csupporting

confidence: 64%

Salience Network Disruption in US Army Soldiers with PTSD

Abdallah¹,

Averill²,

Ramage

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…Perhaps even subtle dysfunctions or misdirected plasticity within this region can lead to inappropriate aggressive behavior. For example, cerebellar damage often occurs in patients with PTSD (Rabellino et al, 2018). As noninvasive stimulation techniques like transcranial magnetic stimulation of the cerebellum emerge as a clinical treatment options (Demirtas-Tatlidede et al, 2010), it is increasingly important to understand the which areas of the cerebellum control nonmotor behaviors (Kelly & Strick, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebellar Purkinje cell activity modulates aggressive behavior

Jackman

Chen

Offermann

et al. 2020

Preprint

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AbstractAlthough the cerebellum is traditionally associated with balance and motor function, it also plays wider roles in affective and cognitive behaviors. Evidence suggests that the cerebellar vermis may regulate aggressive behavior, though the cerebellar circuits and patterns of activity that influence aggression remain unclear. We used optogenetic methods to bidirectionally modulate the activity of spatially-delineated cerebellar Purkinje cells to evaluate the impact on aggression in mice. Increasing Purkinje cell activity in the vermis significantly reduced the frequency of attacks in a resident-intruder assay. Reduced aggression was not a consequence of impaired motor function, because optogenetic stimulation did not alter motor performance. In complementary experiments, optogenetic inhibition of Purkinje cells in the vermis increased the frequency of attacks. These results establish Purkinje cell activity in the cerebellar vermis regulates aggression, and further support the importance of the cerebellum in driving affective behaviors that could contribute to neurological disorders.

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“…Finally, accumulating evidence repeatedly demonstrates functional and structural abnormalities in the cerebellum of PTSD patients (34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39). Moreover, two recent studies have shown reduced functional nodal strength in the cerebellum in PTSD (19,40).…”

Section: Figure 3 the Effects Of Psychotherapy On Executive Connectimentioning

confidence: 95%

Reduced Salience and Enhanced Central Executive Connectivity Following PTSD Treatment

Abdallah

Averill

Ramage

et al. 2018

Preprint

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BACKGROUND:In soldiers with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), symptom provocation was found to induce increased connectivity within the salience network, as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and global brain connectivity with global signal regression (GBCr). However, it is unknown whether these GBCr disturbances would normalize following effective PTSD treatment.METHODS: 69 US Army soldiers with (n = 42) and without PTSD (n = 27) completed fMRI at rest and during symptom provocation using subject-specific script imagery. Then, participants with PTSD received 6 weeks (12 sessions) of group cognitive processing therapy (CPT) or present-centered therapy (PCT). At week 8, all participants repeated the fMRI scans. The primary analysis used a region-of-interest approach to determine the effect of treatment on salience GBCr. A secondary analysis was conducted to explore the pattern of GBCr alterations posttreatment in PTSD participants compared to controls. RESULTS:Over the treatment period, PCT significantly reduced salience GBCr (p = .02). Compared to controls, salience GBCr was high pretreatment (PCT, p = .01; CPT, p = .03) and normalized post-PCT (p = .53), but not post-CPT (p = .006). Whole-brain secondary analysis found high GBCr within the central executive network in PTSD participants compared to controls. Post hoc exploratory analyses showed significant increases in executive GBCr following CPT treatment (p = .01). CONCLUSION:The results support previous models relating CPT to central executive network and enhanced cognitive control while unraveling a previously unknown neurobiological mechanism of PCT treatment, demonstrating treatment-specific reduction in salience connectivity during trauma recollection.

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The cerebellum after trauma: Resting‐state functional connectivity of the cerebellum in posttraumatic stress disorder and its dissociative subtype

Cited by 88 publications

References 96 publications

Salience Network Disruption in US Army Soldiers with PTSD

Salience Network Disruption in US Army Soldiers with PTSD

Cerebellar Purkinje cell activity modulates aggressive behavior

Reduced Salience and Enhanced Central Executive Connectivity Following PTSD Treatment

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