The centrolobular region of the renal glomerulus studied by electron microscopy

Latta, Harrison; Maunsbach, Arvid B.; Madden, S. C.

doi:10.1016/s0022-5320(60)80033-0

Cited by 143 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Our observations render rather improbable such derivations, primarily because of the extent of 9 Collagen fibrils had previously been noted in frog glomeruli by Yamada (61), but were generally assumed to be absent from normal mammalian glomeruli (cf. 29). 1°According to our observations, which are by necessity limited, on the normal arrangement at the vascular pole of the glomerulus, smooth muscle cells, clearly recognizable as such, stop at the point of penetration of the afferent and efferent vessels into the corpuscle.…”

Section: Nature Of Thb Third Cell Typesupporting

confidence: 60%

“…trary, there are no clear cut morphological differences between the cellular elements located on the luminal side of the basement membrane (4,29). Moreover, until now there has been little direct evidence (cf.…”

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, until a few years ago the majority of electron microscopists, including one of us (30,31), regarded all elements located on the luminal side of the basement membrane as endothelial. 5 More recently, however, the view that a third cell type (or two types of endothelial cells) exists in the glomerulus has gained increasing support (5,26,28,29,(35)(36)(37)(38) on the basis of morphological studies. In addition, in uranyl nitrate-treated animals, Bencosme et al…”

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional Evidence for the Existence of a Third Cell Type in the Renal Glomerulus

Farquhar

Palade

1962

The Journal of Cell Biology

337

103

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Two types of cclls can bc recognized on the luminal side of the glomcrular basement membrane: the superficial endothelial cells which directly line the lumen and are comparable to endothclia lining the capillarics of other tissues, and thc deep cells, ordinarily not in contact with the lumen, which arc distinguishcd by their long cytoplasmic arms cxtending for some distance in several dircctions along the capillary wall, numcrous spinous processes, and occasional intraluminal pscudopodia. Experiments carried out with electron-opaquc tracers indicated that a functional distinction, bascd on cxtcnt of phagocytosis, can be madc hctween thc superficial and dccp cells, thus supporting the existence of a distinctive "third" cell (in addition to cndothelium and epithclium) in the rcnal glomcrulus.Ferritin, colloidal gold, or thorotrast was administered intravenously to normal and, in the casc of ferritin, to nephrotic rats. Kidney tissuc was fixed at selected intervals from 1 hour to 10 days after the injection and studied by electron microscopy. Within 1 to 4 hours after traccr administration, the particles which did not travcrse the glomerular capillary wall gradually accumulatcd in thc less compact, inner strata of the basement membrane and the large spongy areas of axial regions. After 1 day the concentration of circulating tracer dcclined and the periphcral areas of the capillaries became relatively frec of particles while large accumulations developed in thc axial regions. During this period increasing quantities of fcrritin wcre taken up by the deep cells and wcrc found within largc and small sized invaglnations of their cell membrane or concentrated within cytoplasmic vesicles, vacuoles, multivesicular and dense bodies. At the same timc the deep cells showed increascd numbers of intraluminal pseudopodia. Within 2 to 4 days the deposits in thc spongy areas wcre cleared and concomitantly incrcascd quantities of tracer appcarcd in thc deep cells within dense cytoplasmic bodies, some of which wcrc morc compact than bcforc. When fcrritin was given to nephrotic animals the sequence of cvcnts was generally the same except that the fcrritin deposits at any givcn pcriod were morc massivc, their incorporation into the deep cclls occurred primarily by mcans of largc pockcts 1 to 2 IZ in diameter and thcir clearance from the spongy areas was slower. In normal as well as in nephrotic animals, the phagocytic activity of the supcrficial cndothclium was negligible when compared to that of thc dcep cells. 55on

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Section: Nature Of Thb Third Cell Typesupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional Evidence for the Existence of a Third Cell Type in the Renal Glomerulus

Farquhar

Palade

1962

The Journal of Cell Biology

337

103

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“…Blood and urine glucose concentrations and body weight in normal and diabetic rats during the 6 months experiment Non-dia-'Well-con-'Poorly-conbetic controlled' trolled' trol rats diabetic rats diabetic rats [6,8,16]. In diabetic rats this same part of the BMLM has been described as containing electron dense areas [1,35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of diabetic glomerulopathy in streptozotocin diabetic rats by insulin treatment

Rasch

1979

Diabetologia

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Smmnm'y.A quantitative morphological study of the mesangial regions has been performed on the kidneys of two groups of insulin treated diabetic rats 6 months after the induction of diabetes. In one group reasonably good control of plasma glucose levels (182 + 20 (SD) rag/100 ml at 0800 h; 95 + 35 mg/ 100 ml at 2300 h) was achieved. This group showed no mesangial changes when compared to a nondiabetic control group. In the second diabetic group poor control was intended (plasma glucose 452 +_ 41mg/100ml and 555 _+ 86mg/100ml respectively). The following differences were noted when this group was compared to the non-diabetic controls and to the rats in which the blood glucose was wellcontrolled: 1. Increase in total mesangial volume per glomerulus by 42% and 38% (2p = 0.025 and 0.037); 2. Increase in the total amount of basement membrane-like material (BMLM) per glomerulus by 30 and 27% (2p = 0.030 and 0.046); 3. Increase in the total mesangial cell volume per glomerulus by 46 and 43% (2p = 0.033 and 0.048); 4. Increase in volume of electron dense material in the BMLM by about 200% compared to both groups (2p ---0.001 and 0.0003). The study has shown that the mesangial regions also are involved in the diabetic glomerulopathy of experimental diabetes. The morphological changes including increased amounts of basement membrane material are prevented by proper glycaemic control.Key words: Mesangial region, streptozotocin diabetes, glucose control in rats, diabetic glomerulopathy, stereology, insulin treatment.It has previously been shown that kidneys and glomeruli become enlarged over a 6 months period in rats with constant high plasma glucose levels [27].Glomerular basement membranes (GBM) were also significantly thicker than in non-diabetic control rats [28]. There is also evidence of mesangial changes in experimental diabetes in the rat [11,13,19,34,35], similar to those found in humans [21,23,24,35]. The mesangial changes due to experimental diabetes are described as an increase of the mesangium, with increased amounts of basement membrane-like material (BMLM). The mesangial regions also become strongly reactive to periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and with the immunofluorescent technique a positive reaction to immunoglobulin and complement is seen.Consequently, the experimental diabetic rat was considered an acceptable model for studying the prevention of diabetic mesangial changes using morphometric techniques. The cationic stain Alcian Blue [31], which reveals the surface coat of the glomerular cells [2], is also bound to the mesangial regions of diabetic and non-diabetic rats [25] and this electron microscopic histochemical technique was also used in the present study. Material and MethodDetailed description of the animals, their treatment and the tissue sampling procedure has been given previously [27,28]. In summary, streptozotocin diabetes was induced by administrating 90 mg/kg intravenously. Three groups of female Wistar rats were used. In one group of 8 streptozotocin diabetic rats good diabetic control was plan...

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“…LATTA et al (1960) have found thorotrast particles in the less dense regions of the mesangial matrix after their intravenous injection and called this pathway the intercapillary channel. FARQUHAR and PALADE (1962) using ferritin and gold-sol, and KAWAMURA (1961) using imferon, also, supported the presence of this pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ultrastructure of the Renal Glomerulus in Experimental Hypertension

Okita

1971

Arch. Histol. Jap., Arch. Histol. Jpn

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The centrolobular region of the renal glomerulus studied by electron microscopy

Cited by 143 publications

References 16 publications

Functional Evidence for the Existence of a Third Cell Type in the Renal Glomerulus

Functional Evidence for the Existence of a Third Cell Type in the Renal Glomerulus

Prevention of diabetic glomerulopathy in streptozotocin diabetic rats by insulin treatment

The Ultrastructure of the Renal Glomerulus in Experimental Hypertension

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