The Centrioles,Centrosomes, Basal Bodies, and Cilia of<i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>

Lattao, Ramona; Kovács, L.; Glover, David M.

doi:10.1534/genetics.116.198168

Cited by 70 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 185 publications

(275 reference statements)

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“…To determine if decreased centrosomes stability contributes to the centrosome transport/membrane phenotypes, we tested whether further destabilizing the centrioles could increase the occurrence of centrosome transport failure and membrane phenotypes in vih ΔN-9 egg chambers. We recombined vih ΔN-9 with a Sas4 mutant allele (Sas4 s2214 ) expecting to further destabilize the centrosomes, since Sas4 is a core structural centriole component that is necessary for centriole duplication and may be required mitotic PCM recruitment (Lattao et al, 2017). We observed no centrosome transport defects in Sas4 s2214 heterozygous egg chambers alone (Extended Data Fig.…”

Section: Egg Chambersmentioning

confidence: 91%

APC/C-Vihar regulates centrosome activity and stability in theDrosophilagermline

Meghini

Villa-Fombuena

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract:In metazoans, the centrioles/centrosomes of the female germline are eliminated prior to the end of oogenesis. Although this phenomenon is important for reproduction, the function of the centrosomes during oogenesis and the mechanism controlling their stability is still unclear. Here we demonstrate that the multi-subunit ubiquitin ligase, the Anaphase Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C), ensures normal germline development by regulating the activity and stability of centrosomes during early Drosophila oogenesis. We show that perturbing APC/C activity by altering the activity of its co-factor Vihar/Ube2c causes ectopic microtubule-nucleation activity of the centrosomes, resulting in a failure of oocyte specification and decreased female fertility.Altering APC/C regulation induces precocious destruction of the key centrosome regulator, Polo Kinase, which leads to destabilization of the centrosomes and blocks their migration into the oocyte. Our study highlights the critical importance of the spatiotemporal regulation of centrosomes by the proteolytic mechanism during metazoan oocyte development.

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Section: Egg Chambersmentioning

confidence: 91%

APC/C-Vihar regulates centrosome activity and stability in theDrosophilagermline

Meghini

Villa-Fombuena

et al. 2017

Preprint

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“…Indeed, the 99 previously reported "comet-shaped" Unc-GFP localization in β 2 t-SigD [21] persists during cell Figure 1E). 102 In Drosophila and humans, BBs consist of microtubule triplets [44,45], whereas axonemes 103 contain microtubule doublets due to obstruction of C-tubules at the TZ [18]. Consistent 104 with a defect in this barrier and the presence of microtubule triplets in axonemes in β 2 t-SigD 105 [21], a subset of cilia (<5%) in β 2 t-SigD contained puncta of Ana1 at the distal tips of TZs 106 ( Figure 3C).…”

Section: Hyperelongated Transition Zones Exhibit Functional Defectsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate regulates cilium transition zone maturation inDrosophila melanogaster

Gupta

Fabian

Brill

2018

Preprint

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Brief summary statement:The authors show that the membrane phospholipid PIP 2 , and the kinase that produces PIP 2 called Skittles, are needed for normal ciliary transition zone morphology and function in the Drosophila male germline. * alind. Abstract 1Cilia are cellular antennae that are essential for human development and physiology. A large 2 number of genetic disorders linked to cilium dysfunction are associated with proteins that 3 localize to the ciliary transition zone (TZ), a structure at the base of cilia that regulates 4 trafficking in and out of the cilium. Despite substantial effort to identify TZ proteins and 5 their roles in cilium assembly and function, processes underlying maturation of TZs are not 6 well understood. Here, we report a role for the membrane lipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-7 bisphosphate (PIP 2 ) in TZ maturation in the Drosophila melanogaster male germline. We show 8 that reduction of cellular PIP 2 levels by ectopic expression of a phosphoinositide phosphatase 9 or mutation of the type I phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase Skittles induces formation of 10 longer than normal TZs. These hyperelongated TZs exhibit functional defects, including loss 11 of plasma membrane tethering. We also report that the onion rings (onr) allele of Drosophila 12 exo84 decouples TZ hyperelongation from loss of cilium-plasma membrane tethering. Our 13 results reveal a requirement for PIP 2 in supporting ciliogenesis by promoting proper TZ 14 maturation. 16Cilia are sensory organelles that are important for signalling in response to extracellular cues, 17 and for cellular and extracellular fluid motility [1,2,3,4]. Consistent with their importance, 18 defects in cilium formation (i.e. ciliogenesis) are associated with genetic disorders known 19 as ciliopathies, which can display neurological, skeletal and fertility defects, in addition to 20 other phenotypes [5,6,7,8]. Many ciliopathies are associated with mutations in proteins that 21 localize to the transition zone (TZ), the proximal-most region of the cilium that functions as a 22 diffusion barrier and regulates the bidirectional transport of protein cargo at the cilium base 23 [9,10]. For example, the conserved TZ protein CEP290 is mutated in at least six different 24 ciliopathies [11] and is important for cilium formation and function in humans [12,13] and 25 Drosophila [14]. Although the protein composition of TZs has been investigated in various 26 studies [15], the process of TZ maturation, through which it is converted from an immature 27 form to one competent at supporting cilium assembly, is relatively understudied. 28Ciliogenesis begins with assembly of a nascent TZ at the tip of the basal body (BB) [9]. During 29 TZ maturation, its structure and protein constituents change, allowing for establishment of a 30 compartmentalized space, bounded by the ciliary membrane and the TZ, where assembly of the 31 axoneme, a microtubule-based structure that forms the ciliary core, and signalling can occur. In 32 Drosophila, nascent TZs first assemble o...

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“…Many studies deal with the structural and the molecular organization of the centrioles in various Drosophila tissues [62,63], making this organism one of the best suitable models for centriole/centrosome research. Although, the Drosophila centrioles assemble following a conserved molecular program, they slightly differ from the centrioles of vertebrate tissues.…”

Section: The Case Of Drosophila: Three Centriole Models?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Centrioles and Ciliary Structures during Male Gametogenesis in Hexapoda: Discovery of New Models

Riparbelli

Persico

Dallai

et al. 2020

Cells

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Centrioles are-widely conserved barrel-shaped organelles present in most organisms. They are indirectly involved in the organization of the cytoplasmic microtubules both in interphase and during the cell division by recruiting the molecules needed for microtubule nucleation. Moreover, the centrioles are required to assemble cilia and flagella by the direct elongation of their microtubule wall. Due to the importance of the cytoplasmic microtubules in several aspects of the cell life, any defect in centriole structure can lead to cell abnormalities that in humans may result in significant diseases. Many aspects of the centriole dynamics and function have been clarified in the last years, but little attention has been paid to the exceptions in centriole structure that occasionally appeared within the animal kingdom. Here, we focused our attention on non-canonical aspects of centriole architecture within the Hexapoda. The Hexapoda is one of the major animal groups and represents a good laboratory in which to examine the evolution and the organization of the centrioles. Although these findings represent obvious exceptions to the established rules of centriole organization, they may contribute to advance our understanding of the formation and the function of these organelles.Thus, the increase of g-tubulin leads to an increase in the nucleation of both astral and spindle microtubules, which drive the assembly of a functional spindle.At the heart of the centrosome there is a pair of centrioles, two microtubule-based barrel-shaped organelles of defined length and diameter [29], that warrants the integrity and the supramolecular organization of the centrosome itself. The coiled-coil proteins, pericentrin-like protein (PLP) and Cep152/Asterless form the scaffold for the matrix proteins Cep192/Spd-2, Cep215/Cnn and g-tubulin.It was observed PLP's C termini are located close to the centriole wall [26].In addition, to be the reference point for the organization of the centrosomal material, the centrioles may also act as templates for the axoneme assembly in cilia and flagella, that are involved in signalling and motility [30]. Therefore, the proper organization and dynamics of the centrioles are mandatory to ensure healthy cell life. Structural anomalies of the centrioles are found in several human cancers [31][32][33][34][35][36] and can be the cause of a spectrum of pathologies spanning from infertility to ciliopathies [37,38].Since, the centrioles impact upon several aspects of cell development and physiology, their structure and function have been studied over the years. However, this analysis was mainly addressed to examine centrioles in a few model organisms, such as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, and some vertebrate cell lines. From these studies emerge a highly conserved organization of the centrioles. However, investigations in different animal groups revealed distinct and sometimes important differences in the architecture of the centrioles [39,40]. Therefore, the analysi...

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The Centrioles,Centrosomes, Basal Bodies, and Cilia ofDrosophila melanogaster

Cited by 70 publications

References 185 publications

APC/C-Vihar regulates centrosome activity and stability in theDrosophilagermline

APC/C-Vihar regulates centrosome activity and stability in theDrosophilagermline

Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate regulates cilium transition zone maturation inDrosophila melanogaster

Centrioles and Ciliary Structures during Male Gametogenesis in Hexapoda: Discovery of New Models

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