The Central Role of the Gut Microbiota in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

Ferreira, Caroline M.; Vieira, Angélica T.; Vinolo, Marco Aurélio Ramirez; Oliveira, Fernando A.; Curi, Rui; Martins, Flaviano S.

doi:10.1155/2014/689492

Cited by 182 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…changes in the structure and diversity of the microbiome are also associated with large array of pathological states such as inflammatory bowel diseases (iBds) (ref. 6 ), metabolic diseases such obesity and diabetes 7 , atherosclerosis 8 and cardiovascular disease 9 . The gut microbiome is relatively stable but its composition and/or function may be influenced by a range of factors such as diet 10 , probiotics 11 , and drugs, especially antibiotics 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human gut microbiota plays a role in the metabolism of drugs

Jourová¹,

Anzenbacher²,

Anzenbacherová³

2016

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub

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a Background and Aims. The gut microbiome, an aggregate genome of trillions of microorganisms residing in the human gastrointestinal tract, is now known to play a critical role in human health and predisposition to disease. It is also involved in the biotransformation of xenobiotics and several recent studies have shown that the gut microbiota can affect the pharmacokinetics of orally taken drugs with implications for their oral bioavailability. Methods. Review of Pubmed, Web of Science and Science Direct databases for the years 1957-2016. Results and Conclusions. Recent studies make it clear that the human gut microbiota can play a major role in the metabolism of xenobiotics and, the stability and oral bioavailability of drugs. Over the past 50 years, more than 30 drugs have been identified as a substrate for intestinal bacteria. Questions concerning the impact of the gut microbiota on drug metabolism, remain unanswered or only partially answered, namely (i) what are the molecular mechanisms and which bacterial species are involved? (ii) What is the impact of host genotype and environmental factors on the composition and function of the gut microbiota, (iii) To what extent is the composition of the intestinal microbiome stable, transmissible, and resilient to perturbation? (iv) Has past exposure to a given drug any impact on future microbial response, and, if so, for how long? Answering such questions should be an integral part of pharmaceutical research and personalised health care.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human gut microbiota plays a role in the metabolism of drugs

Jourová¹,

Anzenbacher²,

Anzenbacherová³

2016

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub

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“…The intestinal microbiota plays a key role in immune system maturation, food digestion, drug metabolism, detoxification, and prevention of pathogenic bacterial adhesion (2). Disruption of the intestinal microbiota has been demonstrated in patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), asthma, obesity, liver disease, and diabetes (1,3).…”

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confidence: 99%

Use of 16S rRNA Gene-Targeted Group-Specific Primers for Real-Time PCR Analysis of Predominant Bacteria in Mouse Feces

Yang

Chen

Yang

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

152

119

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Mouse models are widely used for studying gastrointestinal (GI) tract-related diseases. It is necessary and important to develop a new set of primers to monitor the mouse gut microbiota. In this study, 16S rRNA gene-targeted group-specific primers for Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Deferribacteres, "Candidatus Saccharibacteria," Verrucomicrobia, Tenericutes, and Proteobacteria were designed and validated for quantification of the predominant bacterial species in mouse feces by real-time PCR. After confirmation of their accuracy and specificity by high-throughput sequencing technologies, these primers were applied to quantify the changes in the fecal samples from a trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis mouse model. Our results showed that this approach efficiently predicted the occurrence of colitis, such as spontaneous chronic inflammatory bowel disease in transgenic mice. The set of primers developed in this study provides a simple and affordable method to monitor changes in the intestinal microbiota at the phylum level.

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“…Alterations in one or more of this mechanism may be the cause of microbiome shift in several chronic inflammation diseases, like inflammatory bowel diseases, obesity, diabetes, asthma, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) [53,54]. Advances in technologies, like next generation sequencing (NGS), allowed evaluating the whole microbiota composition in different conditions.…”

Section: Nutrigenomic Approaches To Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Nutrigenomic Approaches to Reduce the High Incidence of Obesity in Qatar

Soldati¹,

Tomei²

2016

J Nutr Food Sci

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Obesity prevalence has been growing exponentially over the last few decades, with a high impact in high-income countries, like Qatar. Several approaches are attempting to understand the causes of this phenomenon however more important is what to do to reverse the trends. Obesity is widely studied, mostly in Europe and the Unites States, and a number of studies have demonstrate the role of specific gene patterns, transcriptome and proteome pathways, and gut microbiome strains. The Omics sciences have a great potential to investigate the determinants of non-communicable diseases, such as obesity. Nutritional genomics sciences apply all the Omics approaches to address nutrition-related diseases, investigating the interaction between genes and diet. To date, few data are available from nutrigenomic studies conducted in Middle East and particularly in Qatar to help the design of targeted interventions. The high incidence of obesity and the peculiar genetic make-up of the Qatari population provide opportunities for exploring nutrigenomic approaches to help addressing the problem.

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The Central Role of the Gut Microbiota in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

Cited by 182 publications

References 108 publications

Human gut microbiota plays a role in the metabolism of drugs

Human gut microbiota plays a role in the metabolism of drugs

Use of 16S rRNA Gene-Targeted Group-Specific Primers for Real-Time PCR Analysis of Predominant Bacteria in Mouse Feces

Potential Nutrigenomic Approaches to Reduce the High Incidence of Obesity in Qatar

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