The central Pacific as the export region of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation sea surface temperature anomaly to Antarctic sea ice

Song, Hyo‐Jong; Choi, Eunho; Lim, Gyu-Ho; Kim, Young Ho; Kug, Jong‐Seong; Yeh, Sang‐Wook

doi:10.1029/2011jd015645

Cited by 25 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Lee and McPhaden (2010) suggested that the more frequent occurrence of CP El Niño has contributed to the SST warming trend in the tropical central Pacific. Several recent studies have begun to examine the possible different impacts of the two types of ENSO on the SH climate using observations (Hurwitz et al 2011;Song et al 2011;Sun et al 2013;Ciasto et al 2015) and model simulations (Zubiaurre and Calvo 2012;Hurwitz et al 2013;Lim et al 2013;Wilson et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Early 1990s Change in ENSO–PSA–SAM Relationships and Its Impact on Southern Hemisphere Climate

Paek

Saltzman

et al. 2015

Journal of Climate

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study uncovers an early 1990s change in the relationships between El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and two leading modes of the Southern Hemisphere (SH) atmospheric variability: the southern annular mode (SAM) and the Pacific–South American (PSA) pattern. During austral spring, while the PSA maintained a strong correlation with ENSO throughout the period 1948–2014, the SAM–ENSO correlation changed from being weak before the early 1990s to being strong afterward. Through the ENSO connection, PSA and SAM became more in-phase correlated after the early 1990s. The early 1990s is also the time when ENSO changed from being dominated by the eastern Pacific (EP) type to being dominated by the central Pacific (CP) type. Analyses show that, while the EP ENSO can excite only the PSA, the CP ENSO can excite both the SAM and PSA through tropospheric and stratospheric pathway mechanisms. The more in-phase relationship between SAM and PSA impacted the post-1990s Antarctic climate in at least two aspects: 1) a stronger Antarctic sea ice dipole structure around the Amundsen–Bellingshausen Seas due to intensified geopotential height anomalies over the region and 2) a shift in the phase relationships of surface air temperature anomalies among East Antarctica, West Antarctica, and the Antarctic Peninsula. These findings imply that ENSO–Antarctic climate relations depend on the dominant ENSO type and that ENSO forcing has become more important to the Antarctic sea ice and surface air temperature variability in the past two decades and will in the coming decades if the dominance of CP ENSO persists.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Early 1990s Change in ENSO–PSA–SAM Relationships and Its Impact on Southern Hemisphere Climate

Paek

Saltzman

et al. 2015

Journal of Climate

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Small errors in oceanic or atmospheric conditions can lead to errors in the SIE, ice thickness, or speed of sea ice drift (McLaren et al 2006). Errors in model bathymetry (Turner et al 2001) and even errors in the representation of the tropical atmosphere can result in sea ice biases around the Antarctic continent (Song et al 2011). The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) comprises a collection of contemporary coupled atmosphere-ocean climate models and offers a means to assess our ability to simulate correctly the trends and variability of sea ice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Initial Assessment of Antarctic Sea Ice Extent in the CMIP5 Models

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper examines the annual cycle and trends in Antarctic sea ice extent (SIE) for 18 models used in phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) that were run with historical forcing for the 1850s to 2005. Many of the models have an annual SIE cycle that differs markedly from that observed over the last 30 years. The majority of models have too small of an SIE at the minimum in February, while several of the models have less than two-thirds of the observed SIE at the September maximum. In contrast to the satellite data, which exhibit a slight increase in SIE, the mean SIE of the models over 1979-2005 shows a decrease in each month, with the greatest multimodel mean percentage monthly decline of 13.6% decade

show abstract

“…3f) e possivelmente favorece uma maior atividade ciclônica na região (cf. Yuan, 2004;Song et al, 2011). Desta forma, em cerca de 45°S há um fortalecimento do ramo ascendente da célula de Ferrel em toda a troposfera, enquanto o ramo descendente da célula Polar enfraquece (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Isso possivelmente favorece uma menor (maior) atividade ciclônica na região (cf. Yuan, 2004;Song et al, 2011). Assim, há um enfraquecimento (fortalecimento) do ramo ascendente da célula de Ferrel em torno de 70°S (60°S ) no Pacífico Sudeste, enquanto nas latitudes menores, em torno de 45°S (40°S), há um fortalecimento (enfraquecimento) [ Fig.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…5j), o que indica um fortalecimento do cinturão circumpolar de baixas pressões, favorecendo uma maior atividade ciclônica na região (cf. Yuan, 2004;Song et al, 2011). Pezza et al, (2008) observaram um aumento na densidade de ciclones em grande parte do Oceano Austral, com exceção do Atlân-tico Sul, durante os cinco anos com maior extensão de gelo marinho em relação aos cinco anos com menor extensão no setor do Oceano Pacífico Oeste entre 1979 e 2003.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

See 1 more Smart Citation

Células de Circulação Meridional Durante os Eventos Extremos de Gelo Marinho Antártico

Carpenedo

Ambrizzi

2016

Rev. bras. meteorol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ResumoComo a borda do gelo marinho antártico está localizada em uma região muito sensível, sob a Frente Polar Antártica, existe um grande potencial da variabilidade do gelo marinho afetar a circulação atmosférica. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar as possíveis relações entre os eventos extremos de gelo marinho antártico e as células de circulação meridional no Pacífico Sudeste, região onde há intensa variabilidade em várias escalas de tempo. Os resultados mostram que quando há eventos extremos de expansão de gelo marinho no setor do mar de Ross, existe um resfriamento da TSM, que resulta em uma atmosfera adjacente fria, aumentando os gradientes térmicos entre a borda do gelo marinho e a região de mar aberto. Os gradientes de pressão são fortalecidos, fortalecendo o cinturão circumpolar de baixas pressões e o jato polar. Assim, existe um fortalecimento do ramo ascendente da célula de Ferrel sobre o Oceano Austral, enquanto há enfraquecimento nas latitudes médias, por conservação de massa. Observamos o padrão oposto em eventos extremos de retração de gelo marinho no setor do mar de Ross e expansão no setor do mar de Weddell. Palavras-chave: células de circulação meridional, gelo marinho, variabilidade interanual. Cells of Meridional Circulation During the Extreme Events of Antarctic Sea Ice AbstractBecause the Antarctic sea ice edge is located in a region quite sensible, under the Antarctic Polar Front, there is a great potential of sea ice variability to affect the atmospheric circulation. The objective of this study was to investigate possible relationships between the extreme events of Antarctic sea ice and the cells of meridional circulation over the Southeastern Pacific, where there is intense climate variability on various time scales. The results show that when there are extreme events of sea ice expansion in the Ross Sea sector there is cooling of the SST, which results in the surrounding atmosphere cools, increasing the thermal gradient between the edge of sea ice and the open water region. The southern pressure gradients are strengthened, which strengthens the circumpolar low pressure belt and the polar jet. So there is a strengthening of the ascending branch of the Ferrel cell over the Southern Ocean while there is a weakening in midlatitudes via conservation of mass. We observe the opposite pattern in extreme events of sea ice decrease in the Ross Sea sector and expansion in the Weddell Sea sector.

show abstract

The central Pacific as the export region of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation sea surface temperature anomaly to Antarctic sea ice

Cited by 25 publications

References 18 publications

The Early 1990s Change in ENSO–PSA–SAM Relationships and Its Impact on Southern Hemisphere Climate

The Early 1990s Change in ENSO–PSA–SAM Relationships and Its Impact on Southern Hemisphere Climate

An Initial Assessment of Antarctic Sea Ice Extent in the CMIP5 Models

Células de Circulação Meridional Durante os Eventos Extremos de Gelo Marinho Antártico

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About