The central nervous system is not imunoprivileged: Inflammation and epileptogenesis

Hrnčić, Dragan; Šutulović, Nikola; Grubač, Željko; Rašić-Marković, Aleksandra; Stanojlović, Olivera

doi:10.2298/vsp160920392h

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(79 reference statements)

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Section: Uvodunclassified

“…Patogeneza ovog sindroma započinje tkivnim oštećenjem ili noksom koja dovodi do razvoja lokalnog inflamatornog procesa u prostati, praćenog perifernim nervnim oštećenjem i razvojem neurogenog prostatitisa (6). Proinflamatorni medijatori se povišeno produkuju u prostati i pokreću kaskade događaja koji snižavaju prag perifernog nocioceptivnog neurona (periferna senzitizacija) i indukuju nastanak hiperalgezije i alodinije (6). Nakon rezolucije inflamacije u prostati, promene u centralnom nervnom sistemu (CNS) odgovorne su za nastanak kontinuiranog bola čak i u odsustvu stimulacije perifernih neurona (centralna senzitizacija), što se ispoljava kao pojava spontanog bola (6).…”

Section: Uvodunclassified

“…Proinflamatorni medijatori se povišeno produkuju u prostati i pokreću kaskade događaja koji snižavaju prag perifernog nocioceptivnog neurona (periferna senzitizacija) i indukuju nastanak hiperalgezije i alodinije (6). Nakon rezolucije inflamacije u prostati, promene u centralnom nervnom sistemu (CNS) odgovorne su za nastanak kontinuiranog bola čak i u odsustvu stimulacije perifernih neurona (centralna senzitizacija), što se ispoljava kao pojava spontanog bola (6). Patološke promene koje se uočavaju na većem broju moždanih struktura (talamus, cerebralni korteks, hipotalamus itd.)…”

Section: Uvodunclassified

“…Centralni nervni sistem (CNS) nije imunoprivilegovan organ, pa tako procesi periferne inflamacije (CP/ CPPS) u CNS-u mogu dovesti do aktivacije mikroglijalnih ćelija i indukcije neuroinflamacije (6). Opisana su dva puta (humoralni put i "nervna ruta") direktnog prodora proinflamatornih supstanci sa periferije u CNS (28), koji posledično aktiviraju mikroglijalne ćelije, što na kraju dovodi do povećane sekrecije proinflamatornih citokina i hemokina u moždanom tkivu (29).…”

Section: Diskusijaunclassified

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Behavioral alterations in open field test in an experimental model of prostatitis

Zubelić¹,

Knežević²,

Grubač³

et al. 2019

Medicinski podmladak

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Introduction: Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is one of the most common diseases of genitourinary system in male population. It is frequently accompanied by psychosocial disorders which include anxiety. Despite numerous clinical studies, the mechanisms of this link are still unclear, partly due to the lack of studies on experimental animal models. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine locomotion activity and anxiety in rats, with experimentally induced CP/CPPS, using the open field test. Material and methods: Wistar male rats were randomly distributed into control and experimental group. In experimental group, CP/CPPS was induced by single intraprostatic injection of 3% λ-carrageenan. Development of pelvic pain syndrome was assessed by evaluating mechanical pain thresholds by electronic Von Frey aesthesiometer (eVF). The rats were individually tested in the open field, seventh day following the intraprostatic injection. Results: In animals from the experimental group, distance and time of ambulatory movement in the open field test were significantly decreased, number of rearing reduced, time spent in the center of the open field significantly decreased, while index of thigmotaxis was significantly increased compared to the control animals. Conclusion: Results of this study indicate anxiogenic effect of CP/CPPS in rats.

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Section: Uvodunclassified

Section: Diskusijaunclassified

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Behavioral alterations in open field test in an experimental model of prostatitis

Zubelić¹,

Knežević²,

Grubač³

et al. 2019

Medicinski podmladak

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“…It is known that sleep fragmentation can trigger low-grade chronic inflammatory mechanisms (Mullington et al, 2009;Tang et al, 2009). Moreover, systemic or central nervous system inflammation exerts the modulation of synaptic plasticity via neuroinflammatory mediators, thus influencing brain neuronal networks functioning (Di Filippo et al, 2013;Hrncic et al, 2018;Šutulović et al, 2019). An increased production of different cytokines, especially IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 in activated astrocytes and microglia during epileptogenesis, has been already proven in several studies (Ravizza et al, 2008;Vezzani and Friedman, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental chronic sleep fragmentation alters seizure susceptibility and brain levels of interleukins 1β and 6

Grubač

Šutulović

Jerotić

et al. 2021

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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Brain hyperexcitability in sleep apnea is believed to be provoked by hypoxemia, but sleep fragmentation can also play a significant role. Sleep fragmentation can trigger inflammatory mechanisms. The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of chronic sleep fragmentation on seizure susceptibility and brain cytokine profile. Chronic sleep fragmentation in male rats with implanted EEG electrodes was achieved by the treadmill method. Rats were randomized to: treadmill control (TC); activity control (AC) and sleep fragmentation (SF) group. Convulsive behavior was assessed 14 days later by seizure incidence, latency time and seizure severity during 30 min following lindane administration. The number and duration of EEG ictal periods were determined. Levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were measured in the animals' serum and brain structures (hippocampus, thalamus and cerebral cortex), in separate rat cohort that underwent the same fragmentation protocol except lindane administration. Incidence and severity of seizures were significantly increased, while latency was significantly decreased in SF+L compared with TC+L group. Seizure latency was also significantly decreased in SF+L compared to AC+L group. The number and duration of ictal periods were increased in the SF+L compared to the AC+L group. IL-1β was significantly increased in the thalamus, cortex and hippocampus in the SF compared to the AC and TC groups. IL-6 was statistically higher only in the cortex of SF animals, while in the thalamic or hippocampal tissue, no difference was observed between the groups. It could be concluded that fourteen-day sleep fragmentation increases seizure susceptibility in rats and modulates brain production of IL-1β and IL-6.

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Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome increases susceptibility to seizures in rats and alters brain levels of IL-1β and IL-6

et al. 2019

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The central nervous system is not imunoprivileged: Inflammation and epileptogenesis

Abstract: nema

Cited by 5 publications

References 67 publications

Behavioral alterations in open field test in an experimental model of prostatitis

Behavioral alterations in open field test in an experimental model of prostatitis

Experimental chronic sleep fragmentation alters seizure susceptibility and brain levels of interleukins 1β and 6

Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome increases susceptibility to seizures in rats and alters brain levels of IL-1β and IL-6

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