The central anorexigenic mechanism of adrenocorticotropic hormone involves the caudal hypothalamus in chicks

Shipp, Steven L.; Yi, Johnny; Dridi, Sami; Gilbert, Elizabeth R.; Cline, Mark A.

doi:10.1016/j.npep.2015.07.005

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The ICV administration of ACTH4-10, which binds melanocortin receptor but does not induce glucocorticoid secretion, recapitulates peripheral ACTH effects [29]. In addition, the inhibitory effects of ICV administration on food intake in both chicken [32] and rats [33] support the central role for the ACTH. In chickens, central ACTH administration reinforces c-Fos-IR in the ARC and the lateral and ventromedial hypothalamus, which are involved in the stimulation of hunger and satiety, respectively [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanocortin Receptor Accessory Protein 2-Induced Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Response of Human Melanocortin 4 Receptor

Soletto

Hernández-Balfagó

Rocha

et al. 2018

Journal of the Endocrine Society

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Melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R), a canonical melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor, is the main responsible for monogenic obesity in humans. Previous studies in fish and avian species showed that MC4R becomes an ACTH receptor after interaction with the melanocortin receptor accessory protein 2 (MRAP2). We show that human MC4R behaves in a similar way through its interaction with MRAP2. This evolutionary conservation of MRAP2-induced ligand selectivity supports a physiological role for the interaction with MC4R. Both proteins are coexpressed in the same hypothalamic neurons, providing an anatomical substrate and molecular mechanism for the central therapeutic actions of ACTH in the treatment of infantile spasms. These neurons may link the effects of stress on the energy balance independently of glucocorticoid secretion. The complex MC4R-MRAP2 throws light on the action of ACTH and, by extension, on the relay of stress-related information to additional biological systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanocortin Receptor Accessory Protein 2-Induced Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Response of Human Melanocortin 4 Receptor

Soletto

Hernández-Balfagó

Rocha

et al. 2018

Journal of the Endocrine Society

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“…Although ACTH mainly exists in the anterior pituitary and functions as the pituitary signal of HPA axis, ACTH-containing neurons were found in several brain regions including the ARC of the hypothalamus (Csiffáry et al, 1990), and ACTH treatment suppresses feeding behavior in mammals (Al-Barazanji et al, 2001). The anorexigenic effect of ACTH was also observed in birds because ICV injection of ACTH suppresses feeding behavior in domestic pigeons (Deviche and Delius, 1981) and neonatal chicks (Shipp et al, 2015). On the other hand, chicken β-MSH and γ2-MSH have no effect on feeding in birds (Saneyasu et al, 2011).…”

Section: Anorexigenic Neuropeptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropeptide Control of Feeding Behavior in Birds and Its Difference with Mammals

Tachibana

Tsutsui

2016

Front. Neurosci.

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Feeding is an essential behavior for animals to sustain their lives. Over the past several decades, many neuropeptides that regulate feeding behavior have been identified in vertebrates. These neuropeptides are called “feeding regulatory neuropeptides.” There have been numerous studies on the role of feeding regulatory neuropeptides in vertebrates including birds. Some feeding regulatory neuropeptides show different effects on feeding behavior between birds and other vertebrates, particularly mammals. The difference is marked with orexigenic neuropeptides. For example, melanin-concentrating hormone, orexin, and motilin, which are regarded as orexigenic neuropeptides in mammals, have no effect on feeding behavior in birds. Furthermore, ghrelin and growth hormone-releasing hormone, which are also known as orexigenic neuropeptides in mammals, suppress feeding behavior in birds. Thus, it is likely that the feeding regulatory mechanism has changed during the evolution of vertebrates. This review summarizes the recent knowledge of peptidergic feeding regulatory factors in birds and discusses the difference in their action between birds and other vertebrates.

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“…This might suggest a more significant role in birds for ACTH as a central melanocortin receptor ligand. Studies have not been performed to localize or quantify ACTH peptide in the avian hypothalamus, but its synthesis and secretion have been reported in the hypothalamus of laboratory rats (28), and an inhibitory effect on feeding of the centrally administered peptide has been observed in rats, domestic pigeons ( Columba livia ), and broiler chicks (38–40). Another POMC peptide, β-endorphin, has been localized in the chicken arcuate nucleus, as noted above (7).…”

Section: Agrp Pomc and Energy Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Agouti-Related Protein and Pro-Opiomelanocortin Gene Expression in the Avian Arcuate Nucleus

Boswell

Dunn

2017

Front. Endocrinol.

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The arcuate nucleus is generally conserved across vertebrate taxa in its neuroanatomy and neuropeptide expression. Gene expression of agouti-related protein (AGRP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) has been established in the arcuate nucleus of several bird species and co-localization demonstrated for AGRP and NPY. The proteins encoded by these genes exert comparable effects on food intake in birds after central administration to those seen in other vertebrates, with AGRP and NPY being orexigenic and CART and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone anorexigenic. We have focused on the measurement of arcuate nucleus AGRP and POMC expression in several avian models in relation to the regulation of energy balance, incubation, stress, and growth. AGRP mRNA and POMC mRNA are, respectively, up- and downregulated after energy deprivation and restriction. This suggests that coordinated changes in the activity of AGRP and POMC neurons help to drive the homeostatic response to replace depleted energy stores in birds as in other vertebrates. While AGRP and POMC expression are generally positively and negatively correlated with food intake, respectively, we review here situations in some avian models in which AGRP gene expression is dissociated from the level of food intake and may have an influence on growth independent of changes in appetite. This suggests the possibility that the central melanocortin system exerts more pleiotropic functions in birds. While the neuroanatomical arrangement of AGRP and POMC neurons and the sensitivity of their activity to nutritional state appear generally conserved with other vertebrates, detailed knowledge is lacking of the key nutritional feedback signals acting on the avian arcuate nucleus and there appear to be significant differences between birds and mammals. In particular, recently identified avian leptin genes show differences between bird species in their tissue expression patterns and appear less closely linked in their expression to nutritional state. It is presently uncertain how the regulation of the central melanocortin system in birds is brought about in the situation of the apparently reduced importance of leptin and ghrelin compared to mammals.

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The central anorexigenic mechanism of adrenocorticotropic hormone involves the caudal hypothalamus in chicks

Cited by 17 publications

References 44 publications

Melanocortin Receptor Accessory Protein 2-Induced Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Response of Human Melanocortin 4 Receptor

Melanocortin Receptor Accessory Protein 2-Induced Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Response of Human Melanocortin 4 Receptor

Neuropeptide Control of Feeding Behavior in Birds and Its Difference with Mammals

Regulation of Agouti-Related Protein and Pro-Opiomelanocortin Gene Expression in the Avian Arcuate Nucleus

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