The cells of origin of the corpus callosum in rat, cat and rhesus monkey

Jacobson, Stanley; Trojanowski, John Q.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(74)90118-8

Cited by 251 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…SANIDES and DONATE-OLIVER (1978) noted, in partial agreement with the present data, that HRP-labeled neurons of layer III in the area 17/18 boundary and the LS were large to medium-sized after HRP injections in the visual cortex on the other side. The observations of JACOBSON and TROJANOWSKI (1974) seem more comparable to the present data. They described that HRP-labeled commissural projecting neurons (in frontal eye fields, anterior part of middle suprasylvian and dorsal part of posterior ectosylvian gyri of the cat) ranged in size from small to large with most falling into the medium-size category.…”

Section: Differences In the Size Distribution Of Neurons Of Layer IIIsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Further studies on the size specificity of commissural projecting neurons of layer III in areas 17,18,19 and the lateral suprasylvian area of the cat's visual cortex.

Shoumura

1981

Arch. Histol. Jap., Arch. Histol. Jpn

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Summary.After injection of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) into the commissural area in the border region between areas 17 and 18, the lateral part of area 19 and the lateral Suprasylvian area (LS) of cat's visual cortex, HRP-labeled neurons were distributed preferentially in layer III in each cortical region of the other hemisphere. Layer I was free from labeling in each cortical region.There were some areal differences in the distribution of labeled neurons in other layers.In the area 17/18 border region, a significant population of labeled neurons was found in the upper layer IV. The labeling of neurons in deeper layers (V and VI) increased in area 19 and further in the LS. There was no great difference in the laminar distribution between neurons which appeared after HRP injections into the homotopical region and those after heterotopical injections on the other side.The commissural area, 17/18 border region and the LS, contained in layer III a larger number of medium-sized to large neurons than acommissural area 17 on the splenial gyrus, where layer III was filled with densely packed small neurons.The size distribution of layer III was unimodal with a marked skew towards the larger value in each cortical region.About 50% of labeled neurons in layer III were distributed in a narrow range at the border of two categories of cell sizes, viz small and medium-sized to large. Among the labeled neurons in layer III, 34.2-47.1% had larger cell sizes. Some of the smallest neurons in layer III were also labeled, however, they appeared only after HRP injections into the homotopical region of the cerebral cortex on the opposite side.

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Section: Differences In the Size Distribution Of Neurons Of Layer IIIsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…This view has its parallel in the rat's cerebral cortex, where JACOBSON and TROJANOWSKI (1974) noted that injections restricted to the supragranular layers resulted in labeled cells only in these layers of the contralateral cerebral cortex.…”

Section: Differences In the Size Distribution Of Neurons Of Layer IIImentioning

confidence: 93%

Further studies on the size specificity of commissural projecting neurons of layer III in areas 17,18,19 and the lateral suprasylvian area of the cat's visual cortex.

Shoumura

1981

Arch. Histol. Jap., Arch. Histol. Jpn

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“…Figure 8 shows a dark-field photomicrograph of one such cell. As shown by Jacobson and Trojanowski (1974) for callosal projection cells in the frontal lobe, we found retrograde labeling of small and medium size pyramidal cells along with large pyramids. Thus, callosal projection cells in the macaque cannot be identified on the basis of cell size alone, although they may, nonetheless, be larger on average than cells which do not project interhemispherically.…”

Section: Cells Of Origin Of the Callosal Projectionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…In both primates and nonprimates, callosal projection cells are most numerous in layer III, but in all areas studied, there is a significant population in one or more additional layers (Jacobson and Trojanowski, 1974;Yorke and Caviness, 1975;Wise and Jones, 1976;Shatz, 1977;Swadlow et al, 1978;Jones et al, 1979;Kelly and Wong, 1981; present study). The predominance of callosal projection cells in layer III fits well with the evidence that this layer is generally the largest source of efferent projections to regions presumed to be at higher processing levels (Gilbert and Kelly, 1975;Jones et al, 1978;Rockland and Pandya, 1979).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

The pattern of interhemispheric connections and its relationship to extrastriate visual areas in the macaque monkey

Essen¹,

Newsome²,

Bixby³

1982

J. Neurosci.

297

160

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The distribution of interhemispheric connections was studied in extrastriate visual cortex of the macaque monkey. Callosal fiber terminations were identified by staining for anterograde degeneration following transection of the splenium of the corpus callosum. Retrogradely labeled cell bodies of callosal projection neurons were identified histochemically following application of horseradish peroxidase to the cut surface of the callosum. Results were displayed on unfolded, two-dimensional representations of the cortex, which permitted spatial and topological relationships between callosal recipient and callosal free cortical regions to be discerned readily.The overall pattern of callosal inputs to visual cortex can be subdivided into nine callosal recipient zones which surround seven callosal free regions in the occipital, temporal, and parietal lobes. This pattern provides reliable and useful landmarks for identifying the borders of at least five topographically organized extrastriate visual areas. There is a pronounced dorsoventral asymmetry in callosal projections, not recognized in previous studies, which reflects an asymmetry in the organization of visual areas in dorsal versus ventral halves of the occipital lobe.The pattern of callosal fiber terminations is mirrored by a very similar distribution of callosal projection neurons. There are significant regional differences in the laminar distribution of callosal projection cells, and these differences may reflect functionally distinct cortical subdivisions.A considerable degree of individual variability was found in the relationship of callosal connections to gyral and sulcal landmarks as well as in the fine structure of individual callosal recipient strips, suggesting that each animal has a unique "callosal fingerprint." These findings emphasize the usefulness of the callosal pathway in elucidating the functional organization of extrastriate visual cortex.

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“…The synaptic source of the high synaptic binocularity of 2/3Ps and 5TPs could be the callosum. Indeed, callosal fibers branch mostly in layers 2/3 and 5 in rodent V1 (Jacobson and Trojanowski, 1974;Mizuno et al, 2007), and their inactivation reduces binoc- Figure 10. Differences in suprathreshold plasticity between 2/3Ps and 5TPs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Layer- and Cell-Type-Specific Subthreshold and Suprathreshold Effects of Long-Term Monocular Deprivation in Rat Visual Cortex

Medini¹

2011

J. Neurosci.

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Connectivity and dendritic properties are determinants of plasticity that are layer and cell-type specific in the neocortex. However, the impact of experience-dependent plasticity at the level of synaptic inputs and spike outputs remains unclear along vertical cortical microcircuits. Here I compared subthreshold and suprathreshold sensitivity to prolonged monocular deprivation (MD) in rat binocular visual cortex in layer 4 and layer 2/3 pyramids (4Ps and 2/3Ps) and in thick-tufted and nontufted layer 5 pyramids (5TPs and 5NPs), which innervate different extracortical targets. In normal rats, 5TPs and 2/3Ps are the most binocular in terms of synaptic inputs, and 5NPs are the least. Spike responses of all 5TPs were highly binocular, whereas those of 2/3Ps were dominated by either the contralateral or ipsilateral eye. MD dramatically shifted the ocular preference of 2/3Ps and 4Ps, mostly by depressing deprived-eye inputs. Plasticity was profoundly different in layer 5. The subthreshold ocular preference shift was sevenfold smaller in 5TPs because of smaller depression of deprived inputs combined with a generalized loss of responsiveness, and was undetectable in 5NPs. Despite their modest ocular dominance change, spike responses of 5TPs consistently lost their typically high binocularity during MD. The comparison of MD effects on 2/3Ps and 5TPs, the main affected output cells of vertical microcircuits, indicated that subthreshold plasticity is not uniquely determined by the initial degree of input binocularity. The data raise the question of whether 5TPs are driven solely by 2/3Ps during MD. The different suprathreshold plasticity of the two cell populations could underlie distinct functional deficits in amblyopia.

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The cells of origin of the corpus callosum in rat, cat and rhesus monkey

Cited by 251 publications

References 14 publications

Further studies on the size specificity of commissural projecting neurons of layer III in areas 17,18,19 and the lateral suprasylvian area of the cat's visual cortex.

Further studies on the size specificity of commissural projecting neurons of layer III in areas 17,18,19 and the lateral suprasylvian area of the cat's visual cortex.

The pattern of interhemispheric connections and its relationship to extrastriate visual areas in the macaque monkey

Layer- and Cell-Type-Specific Subthreshold and Suprathreshold Effects of Long-Term Monocular Deprivation in Rat Visual Cortex

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