The cell polarity proteins Boi1 and Boi2 direct an actin nucleation complex to sites of exocytosis in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>

Glomb, Oliver; Wu, Yehui; Rieger, Lucia; Rüthnick, Diana; Mulaw, Medhanie A.; Johnsson, Nils

doi:10.1242/jcs.237982

Cited by 14 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(87 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, proteins that spatially promote budding promote fMAPK activity, and proteins that spatially restrict budding also restrict fMAPK pathway activity. Cells lacking other Cdc42p-interacting proteins, Boi1p and Boi2p (Bender et al, 1996;Glomb et al, 2020;Liao et al, 2013;Masgrau et al, 2017) and Msb1p (Bender and Pringle, 1991;Bi et al, 2000;Liao et al, 2013) were examined but did not show altered activity of fMAPK pathway or a difference in invasive growth compared to wild-type cells ( Fig. S4D-I).…”

Section: The Fmapk Pathway Regulates Gtp-cdc42p Levels During Filamenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of intrinsic polarity establishment by a differentiation-type MAPK pathway in S. cerevisiae

Prabhakar

Chow

Siegel

et al. 2020

Journal of Cell Science

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All cells establish and maintain an axis of polarity that is critical for cell shape and progression through the cell cycle. A well-studied example of polarity establishment is bud emergence in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is controlled by the Rho GTPase Cdc42p. The prevailing view of bud emergence does not account for regulation by extrinsic cues. Here, we show that the filamentous growth mitogen activated protein kinase (fMAPK) pathway regulates bud emergence under nutrient-limiting conditions. The fMAPK pathway regulated the expression of polarity targets including the gene encoding a direct effector of Cdc42p, Gic2p. The fMAPK pathway also stimulated GTP-Cdc42p levels, which is a critical determinant of polarity establishment. The fMAPK pathway activity was spatially restricted to bud sites and active during the period of the cell cycle leading up to bud emergence. Time-lapse fluorescence microscopy showed that the fMAPK pathway stimulated the rate of bud emergence during filamentous growth. Unregulated activation of the fMAPK pathway induced multiple rounds of symmetry breaking inside the growing bud. Collectively, our findings identify a new regulatory aspect of bud emergence that sensitizes this essential cellular process to external cues.

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Section: The Fmapk Pathway Regulates Gtp-cdc42p Levels During Filamenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of intrinsic polarity establishment by a differentiation-type MAPK pathway in S. cerevisiae

Prabhakar

Chow

Siegel

et al. 2020

Journal of Cell Science

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“…Furthermore, Myo2 bound to Pea2 should retain the full ability to walk along actin cables. To test our hypothesis, we resorted to a Pex3-Pea2 fusion construct that displayed Pea2 on the surface of peroxisomes (Pea2peroxisomes) ( Figure 4A) (Luo et al, 2014;Glomb et al, 2020). If our three assumptions are correct, the cellular localization of Pea2-peroxisomes should be altered by a Myo2-dependent transport along the actin cables.…”

Section: The Myo2-pea2 Interaction Is Sufficiently Strong To Enable Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yeast strains were cultivated in SD or YPD media at the indicated temperatures. Media preparation followed standard protocols (Glomb et al, 2020). SD medium for Split-Ub assays contained in addition 1 mg/ml 5-fluoro-orotic acid (5-FOA, Formedium, Hunstanton, Norfolk, UK).…”

Section: Growth Conditions Cultivation Of Yeast Strains and Genetic mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GFP-Sec4 and PBD Gic2 -RFP were expressed in yeast by genomic integration of plasmids pSec4prom-Sec4-GFP306, or YIp211-GIC2-PBD-1.5tdTomato into the ura3-52 locus (Glomb et al, 2020). myo2 R1419A (myo2 RA ), myo2 R1419D (myo2 RD ) and…”

Section: Generation Of Plasmids and Yeast Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MYO2 WT alleles were obtained by recombination of PCR fragments generated from plasmids pFA-Myo2-CBD(R1419A)-hph, pFA-Myo2-CBD(R1419D)-hph, or pFA-Myo2-CBD(WT)-hph using a forward primer starting at amino acid1152 and a standard reverse S2 primer annealing to the MYO2 terminator. The chimeric pP MET -Pex3 1-45 -mCherry 306 plasmid was adapted from Luo et al, 2014(Luo et al, 2014Glomb et al, 2020). PEA2 was amplified from genomic DNA and inserted in frame behind the mCherry tag using BamHI/SalI restriction sites.…”

Section: Generation Of Plasmids and Yeast Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Type V Myosin focuses the polarisome and shapes the tip of yeast cells

Dünkler

Leda

Kromer

et al. 2020

Preprint

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AbstractThe polarisome is a cortical proteinaceous micro-compartment that organizes the growth of actin filaments and the fusion of secretory vesicles in yeasts and filamentous fungi. Polarisomes are compact, spot-like structures at the growing tips of their respective cells. The molecular forces that control form and size of this micro-compartment are not known. Here we identify a complex between the polarisome subunit Pea2 and the type V Myosin Myo2 that anchors Myo2 at the cortex of yeast cells. We discovered a point mutation in the cargo-binding domain of Myo2 that impairs the interaction with Pea2 and consequently the formation and focused localization of the polarisome. Cells carrying this mutation grow round instead of elongated buds. Further experiments and biophysical modeling suggest that polarisome nanoparticles use multiple copies of Myo2 and an actin filament polymerizing activity to drive the assembly of the polarisome and sustain its compact shape.

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Effects of environmental stress factors on the actin cytoskeleton of fungi and plants: Ionizing radiation and ROS

Stephan

2023

Cytoskeleton

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Actin is an abundant and multifaceted protein in eukaryotic cells that has been detected in the cytoplasm as well as in the nucleus. In cooperation with numerous interacting accessory‐proteins, monomeric actin (G‐actin) polymerizes into microfilaments (F‐actin) which constitute ubiquitous subcellular higher order structures. Considering the extensive spatial dimensions and multifunctionality of actin superarrays, the present study analyses the issue if and to what extent environmental stress factors, specifically ionizing radiation (IR) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), affect the cellular actin‐entity. In that context, this review particularly surveys IR‐response of fungi and plants. It examines in detail which actin‐related cellular constituents and molecular pathways are influenced by IR and related ROS. This comprehensive survey concludes that the general integrity of the total cellular actin cytoskeleton is a requirement for IR‐tolerance. Actin's functions in genome organization and nuclear events like chromatin remodeling, DNA‐repair, and transcription play a key role. Beyond that, it is highly significant that the macromolecular cytoplasmic and cortical actin‐frameworks are affected by IR as well. In response to IR, actin‐filament bundling proteins (fimbrins) are required to stabilize cables or patches. In addition, the actin‐associated factors mediating cellular polarity are essential for IR‐survivability. Moreover, it is concluded that a cellular homeostasis system comprising ROS, ROS‐scavengers, NADPH‐oxidases, and the actin cytoskeleton plays an essential role here. Consequently, besides the actin‐fraction which controls crucial genome‐integrity, also the portion which facilitates orderly cellular transport and polarized growth has to be maintained in order to survive IR.

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The cell polarity proteins Boi1 and Boi2 direct an actin nucleation complex to sites of exocytosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Cited by 14 publications

References 62 publications

Regulation of intrinsic polarity establishment by a differentiation-type MAPK pathway in S. cerevisiae

Regulation of intrinsic polarity establishment by a differentiation-type MAPK pathway in S. cerevisiae

Type V Myosin focuses the polarisome and shapes the tip of yeast cells

Effects of environmental stress factors on the actin cytoskeleton of fungi and plants: Ionizing radiation and ROS

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