The cell-free mMIMO networks: mathematical analysis and performance evaluation

Lamie

2023

Self Cite

The massive multiple input multiple output mMIMO technology can improve the cellular system performance especially the cell edge users. Thanks to the large number of implemented antennas at both transmitters and receivers, the mMIMO technology is qualified to satisfy the requirements of the 5G networks and beyond. The Cell-Free network, wherein large spatially distributed antennas are implemented, can improve the performance of shadowed users and indoor ones. In this paper, there is a trial to improve the cell-Free mMIMO network performance by implementation of Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces IRSs. The Cell-Free mMIMO network based on IRSs is mathematically analyzed and simulated. The signals to interference plus noise ratio SINR as well as spectral efficiency SE are derived in closed form formula. It can be concluded that implementation of IRSs in Cell-Free mMIMO networks can increase the SE and EE performance for all cooperation levels.

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the proposed work, the pilots are divided into two groups. This division results in increased pilot contamination [23]. When the UEs transmit their pilots, the received pilot at an IRS can be expressed as;…”

Section: Pilot Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cell-Free mMIMO Network Based on IRSs: Mathematical Analysis and Performance Evaluation

Lamie

2023

Self Cite

“…However, the best place of a cognitive relay deployment is at the half distance between a transmitter and a receiver. The channel propagation and fading models are applied according to 3GPP standard [23]. The path loss models are given in Eq.…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the proposed work, the pilots are divided into three groups. This division results in increased pilot contamination [23]. When the UEs transmit their pilots, the received pilot at a relay can be expressed as;…”

Section: Pilot Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mathematical Analysis and Performance Evaluation of the Cell-Free mMIMO Networks Based on Cognitive Relays

Shahein

2022

Self Cite

The Cell-Free mMIMO networks can provide a satisfied performance for 5G networks and beyond even there are shadowed users or indoor ones. The performance of cell-Free mMIMO networks was mathematically analyzed and simulated. This work aims to apply the cognitive relays in cell-Free mMIMO networks. The cell-Free mMIMO system, based on cognitive relays, is mathematically analyzed and simulated. The proposed work depends on two axes. Firstly, the relays can improve the performance of cell-Free mMIMO networks especially at shadowed users and cell-edge ones. Secondly, the cognitive radio can mitigate the interference in a cell-Free mMIMO network. The Cell-Free mMIMO network, based on cognitive relays, is proposed. The system is mathematically analyzed and simulated. The spectral efficiency SE and signal to interference plus noise ratio SINR is deduced and given in a closed form formula. It can be concluded that the cognitive relays can improve; SINR, SE, and Energy Efficiency EE of a cell-Free mMIMO network.

Performance Analysis and Simulation of Millimeter Wave Cell-Free mMIMO Networks

Hussein

et al. 2023

Self Cite

5G networks and beyond can provide high data rate for the served users. Small cells, massive multiple input multiple outputs (mMIMO) as well as working in millimeter wave bands are emerging tools toward empowering 5G and beyond networks. The cellular mMIMO networks can provide high data rate for users, however their performance is not satisfied for the cell-edge users and shadowed users. Fortunately, the cell-Free mMIMO network can provide a satisfied performance for all users even if they are in shadowed areas or at cell edges. The distributed access points (APs) through the coverage area can allow users to get benefit of the best serving AP. Furthermore, the users can have services anywhere due to the existence of one AP at least. The cell-Free mMIMO networks can provide a high throughput when they are operated in the millimeter wave bands due to the high available bandwidth. The operation in millimeter wave bands can let the 5G networks and beyond have a high data rate. Therefore, this paper gives a great attention to the millimeter wave bands. In this paper, the performance of the cell-Free mMIMO network, operating in the millimeter wave bands, is mathematically evaluated and simulated. The performance can include the spectral efficiency (SE), bit error rate (BER), and energy efficiency (EE). It is observed that the centralized cooperation among the APs, level 4, can provide a high SE and EE even if the maximal ratio combining (MRC) is applied. Moreover, the cell-Free four cooperation levels can perform better than cellular mMIMO when the millimeter wave non-line-of-sight (NLOS) models are applied.