The cause of bright waters in the Bering Sea in winter

Broerse, Alexandra T.C.; Tyrrell, Toby; Young, Jeremy R.; Poulton, Alex J.; Merico, Agostino; Balch, William M.; Miller, Peter I.

doi:10.1016/j.csr.2003.07.001

Cited by 54 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…1, Broerse et al 2003), in all cases at times before the spring blooms took place in those years. Because of surprise at these apparent E. huxleyi blooms in winter, sampling was undertaken in February 2001 in order to be able to observe what was in the water and imparting the pale turquoise color (Broerse et al 2003). The results were surprising.…”

Section: All That Glitters Is Not E Huxleyimentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Many of the frustules were broken up so that we were seeing more fragments than whole frustules. On the basis of measurements of the scattering properties of opal material, it was calculated that the observed concentration of diatom frustules and fragments was sufficient to produce the sea-surface brightness seen in the satellite images (Broerse et al 2003).…”

Section: All That Glitters Is Not E Huxleyimentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Emiliania huxleyi: bloom observations and the conditions that induce them

2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryMost of what is known about the distribution of blooms of Emiliania huxleyi comes from satellite evidence. However, patches of bright water in satellite images are not always E. huxleyi blooms and satellite evidence needs to be verified by in situ sampling in the area. In this article we firstly describe the observational evidence for these blooms in various regions of the global ocean, and then proceed to describe mimicking conditions: the occasional bright waters that are not E. huxleyi blooms. In the second part of this article we discuss the possible causes of the E. huxleyi blooms. We review the various hypotheses concerning the water conditions required to generate these blooms.

show abstract

Section: All That Glitters Is Not E Huxleyimentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: All That Glitters Is Not E Huxleyimentioning

confidence: 99%

Emiliania huxleyi: bloom observations and the conditions that induce them

2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A coccolithophorid bloom-specific algorithm [Iida et al, 2002] was used to identify large coccolithophorid blooms over the middle and inner continental shelf on SeaWiFS images (Figure 1). This algorithm allows accurate estimation of the spatial and temporal distributions of coccolithophorid blooms, although areas of "bright" color observed by SeaWiFS are not always indicative of coccolithophorid blooms because the water color produced by substantial empty and broken diatom frustules can mimic the appearance of E. huxleyi blooms [Broerse et al, 2003]. This algorithm was used to over come this problem.…”

Section: Sediment Coresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of coccolithophorid blooms in the Bering Sea by recent environmental changes

Harada

Sato

Oguri

et al. 2012

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[1] Since 1997, ocean color satellite images have revealed large-scale blooms of the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi in the eastern Bering Sea. The blooms are often sustained over several months and have caused ecosystem changes in the Arctic Ocean, as well as in the Bering Sea. We examined continental shelf sediment profiles of alkenone, a biomarker for E. huxleyi, covering the past $70 years. The alkenone records suggest that large E. huxleyi blooms are a novel feature in the Bering Sea as they have occurred only since the late 1970s. Recent changes in alkenone content were closely related to the 1976-77 climatic regime shift in the North Pacific, implying that warming and freshening of Bering Sea waters promoted E. huxleyi blooms. The production rate of diatoms (total valves in sediment samples), the dominant primary producers in the Bering Sea, also increased during the past several decades. However, the ratio of alkenone content to total diatom valves in the sediments increased as E. huxleyi production increased, suggesting that the increase in the E. huxleyi production rate frequently exceeded the increase in the diatom production rate. Overall, our results indicate a possible subarctic region ecosystem shift driven by climate change.

show abstract

“…Optical approaches for estimating PIC are based fundamentally on the strong refractive index of calcium carbonate relative to water (1.19) (Broerse et al 2003), which is significantly greater than relative refractive index of pure biogenic silica (1.06) (Costello et al 1995) or non-minerogenic phytoplankton (1.05 to 1.06) (Ackleson & Spinrad 1988). The high relative refractive index means that calcium carbonate is an intense scatterer of light.…”

Section: Optical Measurements On Small Volumesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocean acidification: documenting its impact on calcifying phytoplankton at basin scales

Balch¹,

Fabry²

2008

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper, we evaluate several approaches to discern the impact of ocean acidification on calcifying plankton, over basin scales. We focus on estimates of the standing stock of particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) associated with calcifying plankton since it is thought that these organisms will be the most sensitive to ocean acidification. Chemical techniques provide the greatest accuracy and precision for measuring the concentration of PIC in seawater, but basin-scale chemical surveys are formidably expensive due to the high costs of ship time and analytical instrumentation. Optical techniques, while not yet as precise as chemical methods, provide the opportunity to rapidly sample over much greater spatial scales, with large numbers of samples contributing to each PIC determination (which reduces the SE of each mean determination). Optical measurements from autonomous platforms (buoys and gliders) will provide important depth resolution of PIC, which is otherwise not accessible to ocean color satellites. We propose a strategy for future PIC measurements that employs both optical and chemical measurements on the same water samples. This will ensure adequate knowledge of the PIC backscattering cross-section, critical for satellite PIC determinations at basin scales.

show abstract

The cause of bright waters in the Bering Sea in winter

Cited by 54 publications

References 35 publications

Emiliania huxleyi: bloom observations and the conditions that induce them

Emiliania huxleyi: bloom observations and the conditions that induce them

Enhancement of coccolithophorid blooms in the Bering Sea by recent environmental changes

Ocean acidification: documenting its impact on calcifying phytoplankton at basin scales

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About