The Caune de l’Arago stone industries in their stratigraphical context

The Lower/early Middle Pleistocene small débitage productions in Western Europe: New data from Isernia La Pineta t.3c (Upper Volturno Basin, Italy)

“…Lithic assemblages with bifaces become more frequent from 0.5 to 0.4 Ma onwards, in Spain (Atapuerca Galeria), in Italy (Visogliano, Castel di Guido), in France (Somme and Lot River terraces, Caune de l'Arago), and in Southern England (Warren Hill, High Lodge, Boxgrove, Kent's Cavern) (Roe, 1981;Ashton et al, 1992;Tozzi, 1994;Radmilli and Boschian, 1996;Cook and Jacobi, 1998;Roberts and Parfitt, 1999;Abbazzi et al, 2000;Tuffreau and Lamotte, 2010;Barsky, 2013;Oll e et al, 2013). Nevertheless, core and flake industries and bifaces-based assemblages do not pattern into a twophase periodization.…”

“…Flaking surfaces could be hierarchized or not. Discoid exploitation was performed on cobbles of rocks lithologically better suited for predetermined flake production, which were brought from alluvia located 15e30 km away from the cave (Barsky, 2001;Barsky, 2013). Retouched flakes are abundant and mainly fit into pointed form categories.…”

“…More generally, small-medium flakes and small flake-tools proceeding from a d ebitage reduction sequence have been frequently presented as expedient in the Mode 2 record. Only in recent years much attention has been paid to the technological aspects of the small d ebitage production in the comparison of penecontemporaneous assemblages with or without large tools and in the definition of lithic traditions (Barsky, 2013).…”

Structural continuity and technological change in Lower Pleistocene toolkits

“…6, n 4, 5) separating two knapping (Geraads et al, 1986). In Western Europe, la Boella (1 Ma, Vallverdú et al, 2014) la Noira (Moncel et al, 2013), la Caune de l'Arago (Barsky, 2013) and Notarchirico (Piperno, 1999). In Israel at Ubeidiya (Bar-Yosef and Goren-Inbar, 1993).…”

The Early Acheulean technology of Barranc de la Boella (Catalonia, Spain)

“…However, the orthogonal, bipolar on anvil and even centripetal methods (Fuente Nueva and Barranco Le on (Toro-Moyano et al, 2013;Barsky et al, 2014), Pirro Nord (Arzarello et al, 2007;Arzarello and Peretto, 2010), Monte Poggiolo (Peretto et al, 1998;Arzarello and Peretto, 2010), and Atapuerca-TD6 may be represented as well. Centripetal dominance developed and became generalized from the first half of the Middle Pleistocene onwards, with level P of La Caune de l'Arago the oldest example recorded in Europe (Barsky, 2013). Later, Moncel et al, 2005), and others).…”