The cathedral of Jerez De La Frontera (Cádiz, Spain): Stone degradation and conservation

Sánchez, Rosario Villegas; Arroyo, F.

doi:10.1016/j.culher.2012.10.023

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…SEM-EDX mappings allow to get the overall objective of this work that was to document the conditions of conservation and the causes of deterioration of the materials, determining the different pathologies of chemical, physical, and biological alteration [26, 27]. Though a multidisciplinary approach is always advisable in the diagnosis of cultural heritage, SEM-EDX has been demonstrated in this work to be the key solution for the study of painting layers as it has allowed to identify sodium chloride, calcium sulphate, and an alteration of the white lead pigment associated to potassium as the main agents.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidisciplinary Approach Applied to the Diagnosis of the Facade of the Arciprestal Church of Santa María de Morella (Castellón, Spain)

et al. 2019

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This paper deals with the development of a multidisciplinary study on the current state of conservation of the facade of the Arciprestal Church of Santa María de Morella (Castellón, Spain), a work of the Gothic period of great historical and artistic value. The aim of this diagnosis was to undertake the preventive conservation actions required and increase the knowledge about the conservation of paintings on stones. During the diagnosis scanning, electron microscopy was demonstrated to be a valuable analytical method for wall paintings on stone. The facade, which since its construction has not undergone major architectural changes, has reached our days as it was configured in its creation, adding the traces of the passage of time and interventions that have suffered polychromies. Because of the conservation situation, it was decided to have an interdisciplinary project for the structural study of the work, an exhaustive study of the materials and their state of conservation. The study of the materials includes the identification of stone supports, mortars, the pictorial technique of the original and added polychromies, and the superficial patinas. On-site studies were carried out by ground penetration radar (GPR) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Among the techniques used in laboratory were optical polarized light microscopy (MO-LP), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with microanalysis (SEM-EDX) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The study allowed to determine the different pathologies of alteration and degradation of stone substrate and polychromies, chromatic alterations, biological patinas, etc. During this study, it was demonstrated that the diagnosis of wall paintings is a complex issue that needs to be addressed in a multidisciplinary approach, where scanning electron microscopy with microanalysis is the key methodology to get a deeper understanding of subsurface characterization of wall paintings and highlight the weathering processes. In a second phase of previous studies, this technique (SEM) has been used in assessing the viability of consolidation systems and cleaning both the stone and the polychrome.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidisciplinary Approach Applied to the Diagnosis of the Facade of the Arciprestal Church of Santa María de Morella (Castellón, Spain)

et al. 2019

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“…Guiamet et al [15], for instance, investigated an intervention of biofilms on selected natural stones using benzalkonium chloride solution. Comparing the biofilms' composition before and after the treatment, they found that several organisms were effectively removed, but there were still some of them that remained unaffected and other biocides should be therefore tested-water repellents or consolidants belong among other chemical treatments that might be used [16]. There are also mechanical ways of intervention being based on mechanical cleaning of the surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Prediction of Susceptibility to Biofilms Growth: Two-Dimensional Analysis of Critical Construction Details

Kočí

Maděra

et al. 2020

Energies

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Retrofitting of historical and traditional buildings is an effective thermal protection measure. The presence of thermal insulation in the composition of building envelopes might, however, bring some shortages due to a decrease of exterior surface temperatures or possible water vapor condensation. These shortages can improve living conditions for various microorganisms on the exterior surfaces, especially in the case of interior thermal insulation systems that are typical with thermal bridges and thus supply the surface with heat to a greater extent. This paper, therefore, aims at the investigation of hygrothermal conditions in selected critical construction details and evaluates the results from the point of view of potential biofilms growth. Two-dimensional modeling of coupled heat and moisture is applied and the hygrothermal patterns are evaluated based on an adjusted isopleth growth model. The results showed that the duration of favorable conditions for biofilms growth is relatively low, accounting for less than 180 h in the worst-case scenario. It means the exterior surfaces of historical buildings provided with interior thermal insulation systems are not threatened by biofilms growth. Anyway, other negative aspects have been revealed that should be treated individually. Possible wood decay or increased hygrothermal straining are the typical examples in that respect.

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Evaluation and Management Approaches

Hassan

Xie

2019

Climate Change and Conservation of Coastal Built Heritage

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The cathedral of Jerez De La Frontera (Cádiz, Spain): Stone degradation and conservation

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Multidisciplinary Approach Applied to the Diagnosis of the Facade of the Arciprestal Church of Santa María de Morella (Castellón, Spain)

Multidisciplinary Approach Applied to the Diagnosis of the Facade of the Arciprestal Church of Santa María de Morella (Castellón, Spain)

Computational Prediction of Susceptibility to Biofilms Growth: Two-Dimensional Analysis of Critical Construction Details

Evaluation and Management Approaches

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